Drug-Induced Gastrointestinal Disorders

Hyson, Eric A.; Burrell, Morton I.; Toffler, Robert

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5853-7_1

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 221 publications

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“…Ganglionic blockers such as hexamethonium and pentolinium have been implicated in such pseudo-obstruction, causing dilated loops of bowel on abdominal radiographs but atonic dilatation without obstruction found at surgery. Cessation of therapy, nasogastric suction, and parenteral fluids have proved successful in most cases, although bowel infarction and electrolyte abnormalities can occur [1]. The anticholinergic effects of many psychoactive medications can lead to intestinal pseudo-obstruction ( Fig.…”

Section: Intestinal Dysmotilitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Computed tomography (CT) is very sensitive for detecting small bowel wall thickening and dilatation as well as mesenteric infiltration and hemorrhage. Intramural hemorrhage is most commonly seen in the jejunum, followed in order of frequency by the proximal ileum, duodenum, and terminal ileum [1,29,30]. These findings will usually reverse within 2-3 weeks following conservative management with nasogastric suction and correction of the coagulation parameters.…”

Section: Intestinal Hemorrhagementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Intestinal peristalsis is impaired in patients receiving ganglionic blocking agents, narcotics, anticholinergics or drugs with anticholinergic effects, and a variety of miscellaneous medications, which results in a clinical and radiographic picture of pseudo-obstruction or paralytic ileus [1,18]. Ganglionic blockers such as hexamethonium and pentolinium have been implicated in such pseudo-obstruction, causing dilated loops of bowel on abdominal radiographs but atonic dilatation without obstruction found at surgery.…”

Section: Intestinal Dysmotilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonocclusive intestinal infarction has been noted in patients being treated with digitalis derivatives [1,42,43]. Digitalis has been shown to increase splanchnic vasoconstriction [44], and arteriography has shown mesenteric arterial spasm [45].…”

Section: Intestinal Ischemia and Mesenteric Vein Thrombosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drug-induced disorders of the small bowel

Neitlich

Burrell

1999

Abdominal Imaging

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Section: Intestinal Dysmotilitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Intestinal Hemorrhagementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Intestinal Dysmotilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intestinal Ischemia and Mesenteric Vein Thrombosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drug-induced disorders of the small bowel

Neitlich

Burrell

1999

Abdominal Imaging

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“…Despite the demonstrated potential of AuNCs as an alternative to oral antibiotics, AuNCs have not yet been taken into clinical trials due to unknown toxicity, including specific toxicity such as gastrointestinal perforation and bleeding, to the GI route . The objective of the current study is to report the design, synthesis, and application to eradicate E.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Gold Nanoclusters Eradicate Escherichia coli Biofilms and Are Nontoxic by Oral Administration

Cao

Chen

Tran

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Escherichia coli biofilms are a major causative agent of many intestinal infections, and there is ongoing research aimed at E. coli biofilm eradication. Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) conjugated with various surface ligands have been extensively investigated for antimicrobial properties and provide a potential solution. There is little known about their in vivo safety because current standards of nanosafety research involve incubation of AuNCs with cells in vitro to confirm biocompatibility. In addition to systemic administration, nanosafety research on AuNC-based antimicrobials designed to treat gastrointestinal infections must also consider the potential for inducing gastrointestinal disorders. We report the design and application of two AuNCs coated with either hydroxyl (AuNC@PEG-OH)- or amine (AuNC@PEG-NH2)-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol), which enables the eradication of E. coli biofilms. Gastrointestinal safety of AuNC@PEG-OH and AuNC@PEG-NH2 was evaluated in healthy mice up to 35 days after administration by oral gavage at a dose of 10 mg/kg (or 1 mg/mL) daily for 14 days. No changes were detected in the histopathology of major organs, serum chemistry, hematology, and feces. Thus, oral administration of AuNCs is unlikely to be of concern for systemic toxicity or in the induction of gastrointestinal illnesses. Further studies on increasing time exposure and doses are necessary to determine whether toxicity occurs at higher doses or whether there is no adverse effect limit.

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Radiologische Untersuchungsmethoden und allgemeine Röntgensymptomatik

Dombrowski¹

1983

Dünndarm A

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Drug-Induced Gastrointestinal Disorders

Cited by 3 publications

References 221 publications

Drug-induced disorders of the small bowel

Drug-induced disorders of the small bowel

Antimicrobial Gold Nanoclusters Eradicate Escherichia coli Biofilms and Are Nontoxic by Oral Administration

Radiologische Untersuchungsmethoden und allgemeine Röntgensymptomatik

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