Drug‐Induced Black Hairy Tongue

Abstract

Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign, self-limiting disorder characterized by abnormally hypertrophied and elongated filiform papillae on the surface of the tongue. The prevalence of BHT is quite variable, ranging from 0-53.8% depending on the population. Many predisposing factors to BHT exist, and several drugs and drug classes have been implicated in causing this disorder. A modified Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability nomogram specific for BHT was used to rate causality for the available published case reports of drug-induced BHT. From the available data, antibiotics and drugs capable of inducing xerostomia are the drug classes that have modest evidence of causality and a rational mechanism. The presence of underlying predisposing factors in these cases along with the variable prevalence of BHT make drawing firm conclusions difficult. Treatment for BHT involves eliminating any predisposing issues and practicing scrupulous oral hygiene. Drug therapy and physical removal of the elongated filiform papillae are available for resistant cases. Clinicians should be aware of the prevalence, the predisposing factors and drug classes that may play a role in the development, and the treatment of BHT.

Lansoprazole – Induce Black Hairy Tongue- A Case Report

“…4 Dry mouth due to radia on therapy can cause severe xerostomia and even many drugs like an cholonergic, an depressant and an hypertensive drugs can further aggravate xerostomia which lead to alter pH of oral cavity and lead to defec ve desquama on and prevent normal debridement leading to accumula on of kera nized layer and hypertrophy of fi liform papillae into hair like growth. 5 Similarly a case of BHT has been reported in pa ent with trigeminal neuralgia with decreased tongue movement and mas ca on ul mately hindering desquama on of kera nized fi liform papillae. 5,6 Use of systemic and local medica on has been implicated in development of BHT.…”

“…5 Similarly a case of BHT has been reported in pa ent with trigeminal neuralgia with decreased tongue movement and mas ca on ul mately hindering desquama on of kera nized fi liform papillae. 5,6 Use of systemic and local medica on has been implicated in development of BHT.…”

A case of black hairy tongue responding to oral nystatin and vitamin B complex treatment

“…Bu patolojik değişim dil renginin farklı olmasına yol açar. Her ne kadar hastalık için klasik renk değişikliği siyah olarak bilinse de sarı, yeşil veya olgumuzdaki gibi kahverengi renk değişikliği de gözlenebilmektedir 12 . Filiform papilla üzerindeki keratinize bantların, dildeki kıllı görünümü oluşturduğu elektron mikroskobu ile yapılan incelemelerde gösterilmiştir.…”

Paliperidon palmitata bağlı gelişen siyah kıllı dil

“…Daha çok erkeklerde, ağır sigara içenlerde, alkoliklerde, çok çay kahve tüketenlerde, yaşlı ve dişsiz olanlarda, HIV hastalarında görülür 12,14 . Çeşitli tetikleyici faktörler arasında geniş spektrumlu antibiyotikler (tetrasiklin, amoksisilin), bazı diş macunları, oksitleyici ajanlar, kötü ağız hijyeni ve radyasyon tedavisi sayılabilir 9 . Psikotrop ilaçlar arasında fenotiyazin, trisiklik antidepresanlar, benzodiazepinler, fluoksetin, tranilsipromin, olanzapin ile bildirimler olmuştur [15][16][17] .…”

“…Bunun yanında hiperprolaktinemi ve çarpıntı da tanımlanmaktadır 7 . Literatürde siyah kıllı dil ilaç yan etkisi olarak geliştiği belirtilmektedir 8,9 . Antipsikotiklere bağlı olarak gelişen siyah kıllı dil olgusu bildirilmekle birlikte paliperidon palmitata bağlı gelişen böyle bir yan etki bildirilmemiştir.…”