2013
DOI: 10.2174/13816128113199990367
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Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: State of the Art

Abstract: Arguably one of the greatest medical advancements in the 20th Century was the discovery of insulin. Physiologically, insulin is a potent hypoglycaemic agent, which is vital in order for plasma glucose levels to be maintained within the normal range of 4- 7mmol/L. Various attempts have been made in the production, purification, formulation and methods of delivery of insulin. Despite alternative routes being investigated, these routes have met with limited success. Although the pulmonary route offers potential f… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…Pulmonary route of insulin delivery appears to be a feasible option to enhance this synchronization as lungs with thin epithelium, rich blood supply and a vast absorbing surface help in rapid absorption of insulin delivered to it. [ 5 11 12 13 14 ]…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Pulmonary route of insulin delivery appears to be a feasible option to enhance this synchronization as lungs with thin epithelium, rich blood supply and a vast absorbing surface help in rapid absorption of insulin delivered to it. [ 5 11 12 13 14 ]…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, therapeutic proteins are commonly administered by parenteral route, with insulin, for instance, being administered subcutaneously in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, oral administration is regarded as a better, cost-effective and acceptable route of administration that circumvents the use of needles and other injection materials [42]. Therefore, several attempts have been made to develop oral carriers able to deliver insulin in a continuous and efficient manner, avoiding local pain, immune reactions and potential contamination.…”
Section: Core Tags In the Clustermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A drug delivery system (DDS) supplies a predetermined drug releasing profile which ensures an optimal absorption of the drug to improve its safety and efficacy. 3D microscale or nanoscale systems [50][51][52][53][54][55] made from various biomaterials may have applications [56][57][58][59][60][61][62] in DDSs, and 2PP has been evaluated as a tool for development of DDSs. Chan et al [63] used 2PP to deposit complex protein microstructures with submicrometer features and controllability.…”
Section: Two-photon Polymerization Technology For Tissue Engi-mentioning
confidence: 99%