Drug Delivered Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate (PEGDA) Hydrogels and Their Mechanical Characterization Tests for Tissue Engineering Applications

Abstract

Tissue Engineering has been studied to develop tissues as an alternative approach to the organ regeneration. Successful artificial tissue growth in regenerative medicine depends on the precise scaffold fabrication as well as the cell-cell and cell-scaffold interaction. Scaffolds are extracellular matrices that guide cells to grow in 3D to regenerate the tissues. Cell-seeded scaffolds must be implanted to the damaged tissues to do the tissue regeneration. Scaffolds’ mechanical properties and porosities are the two main scaffold fabrication parameters as the scaffolds must be able to hold the pressure due to the surrounding tissues after the implantation process. In this research, scaffolds were fabricated by photolithography and Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate (PEGDA) which is a biocompatible and biodegradable material was used as a fabrication material. In order to compare the compressive properties of PEGDA only with the compressive properties of drug delivered PEGDA, firstly, PEGDA only solutions were prepared. Then, PEGDA was mixed with Meloxicam 15 mg, Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg, Cyclobenzaprine 10 mg and Spironolactone-hctz 25-25 mg respectively and they were placed under the UV light for about 15 minutes to solidify the cylindrical shaped hydrogels. 5 samples from each group were fabricated under the same conditions. Laboratory temperature, photoinitiator concentration and UV light intensity was kept constant during the fabrication process. After the fabrication was completed, Instron 3369 universal mechanical testing machine with the 5 mm/min compression rate was used to do the compression tests to compare the drug effects on PEGDA hydrogels. Our results indicate that average ultimate strength of PEGDA only samples was 3.820 MPa. Also, due to the fact that Meloxicam 15 mg and PEGDA mixture did not solidify under the UV light at all, compression test could not be performed for PEGDA- Meloxicam 15 mg mixture. However, Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg, Cyclobenzaprine 10 mg and Spironolactone-hctz 25-25 mg dissolved within the PEGDA completely and our compression results show that average ultimate strengths were 3.372 MPa, 1.602 MPa, 1.999 MPa respectively. This preliminary research showcases that compressive properties of the PEGDA-based photopolymerized scaffolds can be altered with the control of the drug type and drug concentration.

3D touchless multiorder reflection structural color sensing display

“…The modulus is as expected, similar to those observed for conventional glassy polymers such as PS and P2VP. The addition of PEGDA, and water making an interpenetrating hydrogel having an effective modulus of a few MPa, into QP2VP domains greatly reduced the effective modulus (33), and thus, IHN BCP PCs with full-visible-range SC exhibited moduli an order of magnitude lower of 300 to 500 MPa, as shown in Fig. 2I.…”

Interfacial Coating Method for Amine-Rich Surfaces using Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate Applied to Bioprosthetic Valve Tissue Models

“…Poly­(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) is a well-known hydrogel polymer that is frequently used in biomaterial applications. PEGDA hydrogels have limited immune response, low cytotoxicity, low levels of protein and cellular adhesion, and can be designed to have physical properties similar to tissue. − They have been used as biomaterials for drug delivery, − injectable therapeutics, , and regenerative medicine. − Beyond the overall biocompatibility and important surface properties, PEGDA is also highly customizable, and bioactive molecules are easily incorporated into the hydrogel.…”

Biocompatible Semi-Interpenetrating Materials Based on Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s and Poly(ethyleneglycol) Diacrylate

“…1 H DQ NMR experiments gave access to the dipolar residual constant D res , which was proportional to the slope of the I nDQ signal and was associated to an average local dynamic segmental orientation parameter. Most importantly, D res was proportionally and directly related to the cross-link density ν C (i.e., comprising both the chemical cross-links and physical entanglements) as described by Equation (2) [ 36 , 38 , 39 ]: where D stat is the static dipolar coupling constant and k a proportionality factor related to the networks Kuhn length (i.e., distance between two chemical or physical nodes). In this work, the values for k and D stat were not obtained as the numerical value of D res gave a good insight into the material’s cross-link density.…”

“…Samples were synthesized by photoirradiation in the presence of a photoinitiator, DMPA. PEGDA is a highly hydrophilic and biocompatible polymer [ 35 ] that has already been used to produce materials for biological applications, drug delivery [ 36 ], and tissue engineering [ 37 ]. The PHA x PEGDA 1−x networks obtained in this work were studied by FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, DSC, and TGA to assess the structures and properties of these materials.…”