Drug‐associated anaphylaxis: 20 years of reporting in the Netherlands (1974–1994) and review of the literature

Abstract

Summary Background Since 1963, the Drug Safety Unit of the Dutch Inspectorate for Health Care (DSU) holds a voluntary reporting system. Objective To analyse all reports received in the years 1974 to 1994, registered as anaphylaxis or as a diagnosis that could contain cases of anaphylaxis. Methods All reports were classified as probable or possible anaphylaxis according to previously described criteria and the causal relationship between exposure and anaphylaxis was assessed. Results Nine hundred and ninety‐two reports possibly concerning anaphylaxis were received between 1974 and 1994. Fifty‐six were unclassifiable. The remaining 936 reports concerned 326 men and 610 women. Three hundred and forty‐five reports were classified as anaphylaxis probable, 485 as anaphylaxis possible, and 106 as anaphylaxis unlikely by previously specified criteria. Drugs frequently associated with anaphylaxis (causal relationship certain or probable) were: glafenine (326 reports classified as anaphylaxis probable or possible), combination preparations with (propy)phenazone or propyphenazone/phenacetine (39), diclofenac (30), dextran (20), ibuprofen (14), floctafenine (12), allergen extracts (12), sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (12), and trimethoprim (11). There is probably substantial under‐reporting as well as reporting bias in these data. Furthermore, many reports were classified as possible and not as probable anaphylaxis because the temporal relationship was unknown or not reported. Conclusion Drugs that caused anaphylaxis most frequently were glafenine, NSAID and certain antibiotics. Data from a voluntary reporting system such as the DSU are valuable as an early warning system for drugs that may induce anaphylactic reactions.

The value of postoperative anticoagulants to improve flap survival in the free radial forearm flap: a systematic review and retrospective multicentre analysis

“…As our meta‐analysis revealed no beneficial effect of anticoagulants on the occurrence of flap failure of the FRFF, the use in daily practice seems not justifiable. Moreover, as some anticoagulants, such as dextrans, have shown a higher risk of systemic complications, including anaphylaxis, renal failure and adult respiratory distress syndrome, the risk of harm of these anticoagulants simply outweighs the lack of benefit . In addition, because of the lack of effect, administering anticoagulants to prevent flap failure will probably not be cost‐effective.…”

Progress in understanding hypersensitivity reactions to nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs

“…Patients develop urticaria, angioedema or anaphylaxis within seconds to the first hour after taking one NSAID or NSAIDs from the same group, while tolerating others nonrelated . Mostly involved drugs are pyrazolones, paracetamol, diclofenac and ibuprofen . Subsequent NSAIDs intake can induce anaphylaxis .…”

Role of Drug Disposition in Drug Hypersensitivity: A Chemical, Molecular, and Clinical Perspective

“…A recent analysis of a voluntary adverse drug reaction reporting scheme in Holland identified glafenine as a major cause of anaphylaxis in Holland (110), while a review of 266 cases in the United States showed drugs to be the cause in 20% of cases, NSAIDs accounting for half of the drug-induced cases (111). Penicillin may cause a variety of hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis and serious cutaneous reactions.…”