Drug abuse screening of childbearing-age women in Alabama public health clinics

George, Sherry K.; Price, Jan; Hauth, John C.; Barnette, Doris M.; Preston, P R

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(91)90440-3

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In various US studies, the prevalence of maternal cocaine use, based on urine tests and/or history reports, ranges from 0.3–19.7% in the general population, 1–7 but approaches 62% in women with no prenatal care. Few data are available on cocaine prevalence in Europe.…”

Section: Clinical Evidence Of Teratogenic Effects Of Cocaine On the Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Direct Toxicity of Cocaine on Fetal Mouse Neurons: Teratogenic Implications of Neurite and Apoptotic Neuronal Loss

Nassogne

Evrard²,

Courtoy

1998

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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This chapter reviews epidemiologic clinical surveys and experimental animal studies, indicating that cocaine may induce severe teratogenic effects on the developing brain. Evidence for direct toxic effects is next presented. Using cocultures of embryonic brain cells, we demonstrate that cocaine selectively affects neuronal cells, first causing a dramatic reduction in the number and length of neurites, then extensive neuronal death by apoptosis. By contrast, cocaine affected neither the abundance of astroglial cells nor their glial fibrillary acidic protein content. These effects are not due to cocaine metabolites. The contributions of indirect and direct effects that could account for cocaine neuroteratogenicity are finally discussed.

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Section: Clinical Evidence Of Teratogenic Effects Of Cocaine On the Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Direct Toxicity of Cocaine on Fetal Mouse Neurons: Teratogenic Implications of Neurite and Apoptotic Neuronal Loss

Nassogne

Evrard²,

Courtoy

1998

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…[19][20][21] The variation in drug use by race and age in the self reported data in our study population was consistent with findings from the statewide study of drug use in Alabama. 22 The lower prevalence of syphilis despite a higher prevalence of drug abuse among white women compared with black women in this study may also be the result of a relatively low prevalence of syphilis among white women before the increases in illicit drug use, as has been reported in the midwestern region of the United States. 23 In 1990, in Dayton, Ohio, the midwestern region of the United States which is in a region with the lowest syphilis rates, none of the 138 women who used crack tested positive for syphilis despite the fact that 93% of these women had multiple sexual partners.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

“…[19][20][21] A statewide study of 2970 pregnant women in Alabama which used urine tests to detect illicit drug use indicated higher prevalence of illicit drug use (11.0%) than the prevalence rate in our study for the corresponding years. 22 For comparison of trends in drug abuse over time, state, or county specific data for Alabama are not available. The National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA), which began collecting information on pregnancy in 1994, indicated that the prevalence of drug abuse by pregnant women for 1994 and 1995 combined (9.9%) 11 was slightly higher than that found in our study for 1994 (7.8%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syphilis, gonorrhoea, and drug abuse among pregnant women in Jefferson County, Alabama, US, 1980-94: monitoring trends through systematically collected health services data

Ebrahim

Andrews

Zaidi

et al. 1999

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Objective: To assess the association between self reported drug abuse and syphilis and gonorrhoea among pregnant women, JeVerson County, Alabama, United States, 1980-94. Study design: We analysed a prenatal care database and assessed the association of self reported drug use with seropositive syphilis and gonorrhoea using prevalence rates, multiple logistic regression models, and the Pearson correlation coeYcient (r) for trends. Results: Overall, 5.5% of the women acknowledged drug abuse, 1.4% had seropositive syphilis, and 4.8% had gonorrhoea. In a multivariate analysis, drug abuse was associated with syphilis (odds ratio 2.9, 95% confidence interval 1.6, 5.3) but not with gonorrhoea. Trends in the annual prevalence of drug abuse closely paralleled trends in the annual prevalence of syphilis, including simultaneous peaks in 1992 (drug abuse, 9.1%; syphilis, 3.2%). There was no such parallel trend between drug abuse and gonorrhoea. Annual prevalence of drug abuse correlated with the prevalence of syphilis (r = 0.89, p = 0.001) more than with the prevalence of gonorrhoea (r = 0.45, p = 0.201). Conclusion: Among pregnant women, an increase in drug abuse was closely associated with an epidemic of syphilis, but not of gonorrhoea. Systematically collected prenatal care data can usefully supplement surveillance of diseases and behavioural risk factors associated with them. (Sex Transm Inf 1999;75:300-305)

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“…Early reports of substance use during pregnancy in rural communities were largely descriptive and have documented the prevalence of drugs of abuse. [10][11][12][13] The most common drugs of abuse between 1989 and 1999 were marijuana, opiates, and cocaine, followed by benzodiazepienes, barbituriates, and amphetamines. [10][11][12][13] Reports that appeared much later moved beyond prevalence data and instead described particular issues that affect rural pregnant women including smoking and its interaction with substance use during pregnancy, 14,15 intimate partner violence, 16 hepatitis C testing, 17 and access to treatment ( Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural, Pregnant, and Opioid Dependent: A Systematic Review

Jumah

2016

Subst�Abuse

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The nature, impact, and treatment of substance use during pregnancy are well described for women living in urban settings. Less is known about pregnant substance-using women living in rural communities. The objective of this review is to describe the existing evidence for the management of substance use in pregnant women living in rural areas. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the quality of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE system. Twenty-two articles that met the inclusion criteria were identified. Descriptive studies document high rates of smoking, marijuana, and polysubstance use among rural, substance-using pregnant women compared to their urban counterparts. Management of substance use disorders is limited by access to and acceptability of treatment modalities. Several innovative, integrated addiction and prenatal care programs have been developed, which may serve as models for management of substance use during pregnancy in rural settings.

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Drug abuse screening of childbearing-age women in Alabama public health clinics

Cited by 25 publications

References 6 publications

Selective Direct Toxicity of Cocaine on Fetal Mouse Neurons: Teratogenic Implications of Neurite and Apoptotic Neuronal Loss

Selective Direct Toxicity of Cocaine on Fetal Mouse Neurons: Teratogenic Implications of Neurite and Apoptotic Neuronal Loss

Syphilis, gonorrhoea, and drug abuse among pregnant women in Jefferson County, Alabama, US, 1980-94: monitoring trends through systematically collected health services data

Rural, Pregnant, and Opioid Dependent: A Systematic Review

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