Drowning Deaths of U.S. Service Personnel Associated with Motor Vehicle Accidents Occurring in Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom, 2003–2005

Hammett, Mark; Pearse, Lisa; Naito, Neal; Watts, Dorraine D.; Hooper, Tomoko I.

doi:10.7205/milmed.172.8.875

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…(22)(23)(24) (b) Ocular preventive measures such as hygiene, contact lens restriction, and protective eyewear use during participation in racquet and contact sports. (25)(26)(27)(28) (c) Rollover drowning prevention training, rollover simulator training, equipment modifications to prevent rollover accidents, and improved compliance for seatbelt use (29)(30)(31) (d) Breakaway bases, recessed bases, and proper sliding technique education for softball sliding injuries. (32) (e) Mouthguard use in sport activities where there is significant risk of orofacial injury.…”

Section: Discussion For Routine Deployment Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

Deployment Injury Surveillance Summary, U.S. Army Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom Calendar Year 2009

Taylor¹,

Hauret²,

Dawadi³

et al. 2012

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Section: Discussion For Routine Deployment Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

Deployment Injury Surveillance Summary, U.S. Army Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom Calendar Year 2009

Taylor¹,

Hauret²,

Dawadi³

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…(24)(25)(26)(27) (c) Vehicle rollover drowning prevention training, rollover simulator training, equipment modifications to prevent rollover accidents, and improved compliance for seatbelt use. (28)(29)(30) (d) Breakaway bases, recessed bases, and proper sliding technique education for softball and baseball sliding injuries. (31) (e) Mouthguard use in sports activities where there is significant risk of orofacial injury.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deployment Surveillance Summary, U.S. Army Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn/Operation Enduring Freedom, 2010

Taylor¹,

Patel²,

Hauret³

et al. 2012

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Report Documentation PageForm Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few vehicle submersion deaths result directly from traumatic injury, or indirectly from drowning due to trauma-induced incapacitation (Hammett 2007; SWOV 1973). Victims are usually conscious and potentially capable of performing self-rescue after their vehicle enters the water (Hammett 2007; Sternbrandt et al 2008; Wintemute et al 1990; Canadian Red Cross Society 2003). Occupants, who are conscious and functional after impact, still risk drowning due to either complete inactivity (panic/freezing), and/or incorrect actions (Giesbrecht 2005; Leach 1994) including: calling emergency dispatch; trying to open a door; letting the vehicle fill with water; relying on air bubble; or remaining in the vehicle because they feel safe, cannot swim, or are waiting for rescue (McDonald and Giesbrecht 2013a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clearly, preventing vehicle submersions would be the most effective strategy. Previous analyses have identified successful interventions that either: physically prevent vehicles from entering water [e.g., road design (road-curvature and lighting), guardrails and other barriers]; or provide warnings (e.g., signage, weather warning systems and speed reduction zones) (Hammett 2007; Sternbrandt et al 2008; Wintemute et al 1990; Maples and Tiefenbacher 2009; Staes et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Public knowledge, attitudes and practices of vehicle submersion incidents: a pilot study

2019

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Introduction Vehicle submersions account for up to 10% of all drownings in high-income countries. Reports indicate that occupants may be conscious and functional, but possibly making incorrect decisions for self-rescue leading to drowning. This study investigated current public knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding vehicle submersion incidents and to determine if individuals, who are aware of educational efforts regarding vehicle submersions, indicated better responses. Method A knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) survey was developed based on previous findings and guidelines from Operation ALIVE (Automobile submersion: Lessons In Vehicle Escape) for vehicle submersion incidents. Results The majority of respondents (87%) had knowledge of vehicle submersions from the media, but they were not aware (94%) of an effective self-rescue protocol. Respondents felt they had low risk of involvement in a vehicle submersion, and that the chance of survival was likely. Most respondents selected a “successful” initial action for escape; however, other responses indicate the chances of completing a successful self-rescue sequence was less likely. Only 45% of respondents were “aware” of Operation ALIVE educational initiatives, and this awareness did not generally produce better responses. Conclusions Public understanding of vehicle submersion incidents is low and current public education efforts have not increased awareness in the severity or the urgency for performing self-rescue in this scenario. Simply increasing public knowledge of “SWOC” (“SEATBELTS” off, “WINDOWS” open, “OUT” immediately, “CHILDREN” first) would help to decrease the high fatality rate associated with this type of road traffic accident.

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Drowning Deaths of U.S. Service Personnel Associated with Motor Vehicle Accidents Occurring in Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom, 2003–2005

Abstract: Effective preventive strategies might focus on training and equipment to reduce rollover events and on the expeditious extrication of victims.

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Deployment Injury Surveillance Summary, U.S. Army Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom Calendar Year 2009

Deployment Injury Surveillance Summary, U.S. Army Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom Calendar Year 2009

Deployment Surveillance Summary, U.S. Army Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn/Operation Enduring Freedom, 2010

Public knowledge, attitudes and practices of vehicle submersion incidents: a pilot study

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