Drought Tolerance in Mung Bean is Associated with the Genotypic Divergence, Regulation of Proline, Photosynthetic Pigment and Water Relation

Abstract

Drought is one of the critical conditions for the growth and productivity of many crops including mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek). Screening of genotypes for variations is one of the suitable strategies for evaluating crop adaptability and global food security. In this context, the study investigated the physiological and biochemical responses of four drought tolerant (BARI Mung-8, BMX-08010-2, BMX-010015, BMX-08009-7), and four drought sensitive (BARI Mung-1, BARI Mung-3, BU Mung-4, BMX-05001) mung bean genotypes under wellwatered (WW) and water deficit (WD) conditions. The WW treatment maintained sufficient soil moisture (22% ± 0.5%, i.e., 30% deficit of available water) by regularly supplying water. Whereas, the WD treatment was maintained throughout the growing period, and water was applied when the wilting symptom appeared. The drought tolerant (DT) genotypes BARI Mung-8, BMX-08010-2, BMX-010015, BMX-08009-7 showed a high level of proline accumulation (2.52-5.99 mg g −1 FW), photosynthetic pigment (total chlorophyll 2.96-3.27 mg g −1 FW at flowering stage, and 1.62-2.38 mg g −1 FW at pod developing stage), plant water relation attributes including relative water content (RWC) (82%-84%), water retention capacity (WRC) (12-14) as well as lower water saturation deficit (WSD) (19%-23%), and water uptake capacity (WUC) (2.58-2.89) under WD condition, which provided consequently higher relative seed yield. These indicate that the tolerant genotypes gained better physio-

Foliar application of putrescine alleviates terminal drought stress by modulating water status, membrane stability, and yield- related traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…Low water levels reduce vegetative growth, post-anthesis photosynthetic capacity, and grain yield in wheat (Cui et al, 2015). Drought occurs frequently in fields that alter the physiological and molecular characteristics of plants (Rahman et al, 2022;Islam et al, 2023 ). Drought stress reduces cell division, cell proliferation, and stem elongation, which leads to severe impairments to plant growth and productivity (Azooz and Youssef, 2010;Farooq et al, 2013;Wasaya et al, 2018).…”

“…Several eco-friendly approaches have been documented for abiotic stress tolerance and plant improvements (Sabagh et al, 2021;Khan et al, 2022;Raza et al, 2022a;Raza et al, 2022b). A numerical group of signaling molecules and growth regulators has been reported to alleviate drought stress in economically important crop plants, including cereals (Abd Elbar et al, 2019;Rahman et al, 2021;Islam et al,2022).…”

“…Putrescine (Put) is a type of PA found in all living organisms (Abd Elbar et al, 2019). The exogenous application of putrescine alleviated drought stress by regulating physio-biochemical traits in sugar beet (Islam et al,2022), regulating protein and fatty acids in thylakoid membrane under several abiotic stresses, including drought in plants (Rahman et al, 2014;Shu et al, 2015), and improving shoot/ root dry matter ratio, morph-anatomical changes in roots, stems, and leaves to avoid tissue dehydration in Thymus vulgaris (Abd Elbar et al, 2019). Additionally, putrescine helps enhance the stability of cell membranes by preventing excessive water loss, ultimately retaining photosynthetic efficiency under adverse environmental conditions (Grigorova et al, 2012).…”

Rhizobia Inoculation Supplemented with Nitrogen Fertilization Enhances Root Nodulation, Productivity, and Nitrogen Dynamics in Soil and Black Gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper)

“…However, the nodule number could vary due to genetic potential, and agronomic management practices might impart significant influence on the nodule development of leguminous crops [54]. Likewise, it has also been inferred that genotypic divergence in black gram cultivars existed, which resulted in varying levels of nodulation in terms of the number of functional nodules along with fresh and dry weight of nodules per plant [54][55][56][57].…”

Potassium augments growth, yield, nutrient content, and drought tolerance in mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek.)

“…Also, the temperatures of more than 35 °C and straight solar radiation owing to global climate change are confirming injurious to summer sown mungbean that experiences suppression of growth in different developmental parts 7 . The spectrum of plant reactions to drought varies widely across different crops and stages of growth, shaped by the severity and persistence of water scarcity 8 .…”