Drought resistance of wheat plants inoculated with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae

Ellis, J. R.; Larsen, Harold J.; Boosalis, M. G.

doi:10.1007/bf02145457

Cited by 82 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…En effet, en présence d'une contrainte hydrique sévère (30 % CC), la mycorhization du trèfle par les isolats d'Aoufous ou le Glomus mosseae permet à la plante de maintenir sa teneur en eau et son potentiel hydrique à des valeurs élevées au niveau de la partie aérienne de la plante. Des réponses analogues on été signalées dans le cas de plusieurs plantes mycorhizées [14,16,18,22,33,34,41]. Les plantes mycorhizées ont présenté de meilleurs taux de transpiration et des faibles résistances des stomates comparées aux plantes témoins.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Rôle des champignons mycorhiziens à arbuscules de zones arides dans la résistance du trèfle (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) au déficit hydrique

et al. 2000

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. Rôle des champignons mycorhiziens à arbuscules de zones arides dans la résistance du trèfle (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) au déficit hydrique. Agronomie, EDP Sciences, 2000, 20 (3) Résumé -La tolérance du trèfle mycorhizé (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) à la sécheresse diffère selon les isolats de champignons mycorhiziens associés à la plante hôte. Cinq isolats fongiques ont été isolés à partir des sols de palmeraies marocaines et étudiés pour leur aptitude à améliorer la tolérance du trèfle au stress hydrique. L'application d'une contrainte hydrique de 30 % de la capacité au champ réduit sévèrement la progression des champignons mycorhiziens dans le cortex racinaire du trèfle. Les isolats provenant de la palmeraie d'Aoufous sont moins affectés par le dessèche-ment du sol que les Glomus et Sclerocystis d'Agdz. L'effet de la mycorhization quant à l'amélioration de la production de biomasse du trèfle est bien apparu dans le cas d'infection par les isolats fongiques d'Aoufous et le Glomus mosseae (souche de référence provenant de l'INRA de Dijon, France). Ces mêmes champignons mycorhiziens ont permis au trèfle de maintenir sa teneur en eau, son potentiel hydrique et sa transpiration foliaire à des valeurs élevées par rapport au témoin non inoculé. Les valeurs de la résistance des stomates et du déficit de saturation en eau sont restées plus faibles chez les plantes mycorhizées que chez les plantes non mycorhizées. On note également, que les isolats du complexe d'Aoufous et le Glomus mosseae se sont montrés les plus agressifs dans la colonisation des racines du trèfle et ce quel que soit le niveau du traitement hydrique imposé au sol. Les isolats fongiques provenant des sols de la palmeraie d'Aoufous se sont montrés aussi efficaces que Glomus mosseae. mycorhize / croissance / relation hydrique / sécheresse / zone aride Abstract -Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on drought resistance of clover. Tolerance of mycorrhized clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) to drought depends on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated to the host plant. Five arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi isolates were collected from five Moroccan date palm grove's soils and were investigated for their ability to improve the plant tolerance to water deficit stress. Applying a constraint of 30% field capacity reduces severely the mycorrhizal rate in the root cortex of most of the tested isolates. Fungi collected from Aoufous

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Rôle des champignons mycorhiziens à arbuscules de zones arides dans la résistance du trèfle (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) au déficit hydrique

et al. 2000

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“…Consequently, mycorrhizal fungi affect decomposition activity within the soil microbial community by altering plant litter quality as well as carbon inputs (Clemmensen et al 2013, Moore et al 2015. Specific mycorrhizal strains can alter plant reproduction (Streitwolf-Engel et al 2001), tiller production, root biomass production, rooting depth (Ellis et al 1985), and herbivory rates Bever 2007, Roger et al 2013). However, the interactions between mycorrhizal strain identity and plant host are not always symbiotic and can change with environmental factors or even plant stress (Johnson et al 1997, Treseder 2004.…”

Section: Climate Change Alters Plant and Microbial Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and indirect effects of climate change on soil microbial and soil microbial‐plant interactions: What lies ahead?

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Global change is altering species distributions and thus interactions among organisms.Organisms live in concert with thousands of other species, some beneficial, some pathogenic, some which have little to no effect in complex communities. Since natural communities are composed of organisms with very different life history traits and dispersal ability it is unlikely they will all respond to climatic change in a similar way. Disjuncts in plant-pollinator and plant-herbivore interactions under global change have been relatively well described, but plant-soil microorganism and soil microbe-microbe relationships have received less attention. Since soil microorganisms regulate nutrient transformations, provide plants with nutrients, allow co-existence among neighbors, and control plant populations, changes in soil microorganism-plant interactions could have significant ramifications for plant community composition and ecosystem function. In this paper we explore how climatic change affects soil microbes and soil microbe-plant interactions directly and indirectly, discuss what we see as emerging and exciting questions and areas for future research, and discuss what ramifications changes in these interactions may have on the composition and function of ecosystems.

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“…Among 20 cassava cultivars growing in large pots outdoors, the percent infected root length under stress varied from ~50 to ~90%, and these values were highly correlated with total plant root length across cultivars (r = 0.955, P < 0.001) . There is some evidence that plant-VAM associations may confer tolerance to water stress, particularly in species with low fine root density (Hayman, 1980;Nelsen and Safir, 1982;Ellis et al, 1985;Safir, 1985;Augé et al, 1987;Khalvati et al, 2005). Table 3.…”

Section: Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological characteristics of cassava tolerance to prolonged drought in the tropics: implications for breeding cultivars adapted to seasonally dry and semiarid environments

El‐Sharkawy

2007

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

124

114

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The paper summarizes research conducted at International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) on responses of cassava to extended water shortages in the field aided by modern gas-exchange and water-relation techniques as well as biochemical assays. The aim of the research was to coordinate basic and applied aspects of crop physiology into a breeding strategy with a multidisciplinary approach. Several physiological characteristics/traits and mechanisms underpinning tolerance of cassava to drought were elucidated using a large number of genotypes from the CIAT core germplasm collection grown in various locations representing ecozones where cassava is cultivated. Most notable among these characteristics are the high photosynthetic capacity of cassava leaves in favorable environments and the maintenance of reasonable rates throughout prolonged water deficits, a crucial characteristic for high and sustainable productivity. Cassava possess a tight stomatal control over leaf gas exchange that reduces water losses when plants are subjected to soil water deficits as well as to high atmospheric evaporative demands, thus protecting leaves from severe dehydration. During prolonged water deficits, cassava reduces its canopy by shedding older leaves and forming smaller new leaves leading to less light interception, another adaptive trait to drought. Though root yield is reduced (but much less than the reduction in top growth) under water stress, the crop can recover when water becomes available by rapidly forming new canopy leaves with much higher photosynthetic rates compared to unstressed crops, thus compensating for yield losses with final yields approaching those in well-watered crops. Cassava can extract slowly water from deep soils, a characteristic of paramount importance in seasonally dry and semiarid environments where deeply stored water needs to be tapped. Screening large accessions under seasonally dry and semiarid environments showed that yield is significantly correlated with upper canopy leaf photosynthetic rates, and the association was attributed mainly to nonstomatal (anatomical/biochemical) factors. Parental materials with both high yields and photosynthetic rates were identified for incorporation into breeding and selection programs for cultivars adapted to prolonged drought coupled with high temperatures and dry air, conditions that might be further aggravated by global climate changes in tropical regions. Key words: agriculture, breeding, canopy, carboxylation enzymes, C 3 -C 4 intermediate, ecophysiology, growth, leaf photosynthesis, Manihot sp., PEP carboxylase, productivity, stomata, water stress, yield Características fisiológicas da tolerância da mandioca a secas prolongadas nos trópicos: Implicações para o melhoramento de cultivares adaptadas a ambientes semi-áridos e sazonalmente secos: Este artigo sumaria resultados de pesquisas conduzidas no Centro Internacional para Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), sobre as respostas da mandioca a períodos prolongados de déficit hídrico, no campo, centrando-se em...

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Drought resistance of wheat plants inoculated with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae

Cited by 82 publications

References 10 publications

Rôle des champignons mycorhiziens à arbuscules de zones arides dans la résistance du trèfle (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) au déficit hydrique

Rôle des champignons mycorhiziens à arbuscules de zones arides dans la résistance du trèfle (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) au déficit hydrique

Direct and indirect effects of climate change on soil microbial and soil microbial‐plant interactions: What lies ahead?

Physiological characteristics of cassava tolerance to prolonged drought in the tropics: implications for breeding cultivars adapted to seasonally dry and semiarid environments

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