Drought-induced changes in photosynthetic apparatus and antioxidant components of wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) varieties

Abstract

Water deficit is a key factor influencing the yield and quality of crops. In the present study, the photosynthetic responses by means of chlorophyll fluorescence of chloroplasts, thylakoid membrane proteins, and antioxidant components were analyzed in wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) plants differing in their tolerance to drought. Two durum winter wheat varieties, Barakatli 95 (drought tolerant) and Garagylchyg 2 (drought sensitive) were grown under field well-watered and drought conditions. It was found that contents of the PS I core (CPI) with Mr of 123 kD and apoprotein P700 with Mr of 63 kD were relatively higher in Barakatli 95 variety under drought stress compared with the control plants. Synthesis of α- and β-subunits of CF ATP-synthase complex with Mr of 55 and 53.5 kD also slightly increased in the tolerant Barakatli 95 and decreased in the drought sensitive variety Garagylchyg 2. A decrease in the intensity of 30 kD band and a significant increase were found in the content of the 25-16 kD region in Garagylchyg 2 variety. The synthesis of 60 kD and content of low molecular mass polypeptides (21.5 and 12 kD) were increased in the tolerant genotype Barakatli 95. The intensity of peaks at 687, 695, and 742 nm considerably increases in the fluorescence spectra (77 K) of chloroplasts isolated from the sensitive variety Garagylchyg 2, and there is a stimulation of the ratio of fluorescence band intensity F687/F740. At the same time, higher level of glycine betaine was found in the drought tolerant variety compared with the control one throughout the different periods of growth.

Genome wide identification of the trihelix transcription factors and overexpression of Gh_A05G2067 (GT‐2), a novel gene contributing to increased drought and salt stresses tolerance in cotton

“…Plant. 167, 2019 (Huseynova et al 2016). This shows that the TH proteins are critical in plants response to various abiotic stresses.…”

“…In addition, hydrophilic proteins have also been found to be important in reducing the amount of oxidants produced within the plant cells during stressful conditions. Abiotic stress such as drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses, including alterations in gene expression, the accumulation of metabolites such as the phytohormone ABA or osmotically active compounds, and the synthesis of specific proteins, especially hydrophilic proteins scavenging the oxygen radicals released by the plants (Huseynova et al ). This shows that the TH proteins are critical in plants response to various abiotic stresses.…”

Parental Drought-Priming Enhances Tolerance to Post-anthesis Drought in Offspring of Wheat

“…It has been reported that photosynthesis during grain filling stage contributes approximately 70–90% of photo-assimilates to the final grain yield under the favorable conditions ( Austin et al, 1977 ; Bidinger et al, 1977 ), while post-anthesis photosynthates are highly susceptible to drought ( Huseynova et al, 2016 ). Drought stress significantly restricts photosynthesis through stomatal limitation or non-stomatal limitation ( Caemmerer and Farquhar, 1981 ; Lawlor and Tezara, 2009 ).…”

“…Drought stress happened during grain filling could reduce wheat yield significantly, while drought tolerant varieties could maintain lower grain yield loss than the drought sensitive varieties ( Saeedipour and Moradi, 2011 ). Such yield loss was largely due to the inhibition of photosynthesis under drought ( Austin et al, 1977 ; Huseynova et al, 2016 ). The inhibition of plant photosynthesis may be resulted from the stomatal and/or non-stomatal limitation, which depended on the severity of drought stress ( Caemmerer and Farquhar, 1981 ; Lawlor and Tezara, 2009 ).…”

Photosynthetic machinery and antioxidant status of wheat genotypes under drought stress followed by rewatering

“…Drought is one of the dominant natural hazards that negatively affect dry mass accumulation, respiration rate, and wheat productivity (Huseynova et al 2016). We chose local varieties Gobustan and Tale 38, which are productive and at the same time contrasting in their drought tolerance, as the objects of the study because of the increased attention paid to the cultivation of bread wheat varieties in these areas.…”