Drought as a factor in the Jamestown colony, 1607–1612

Blanton, Dennis B.

doi:10.1007/bf03374329

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Providing a climatalogical context for early colonial interaction, another study has demonstrated that the worst droughts of the past 800 years coincided with the failures of the 16th-century Roanoke Colony and the early 17th-century ''starving time'' at Jamestown (Blanton 2000). Bald cypress trees from the Dismal Swamp provided the basis for an annual temperature and precipitation history from AD 1185 to 1984 (Stahle et al 1998).…”

Section: Early Colonial Periodmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Archaeology of Native Societies in the Chesapeake: New Investigations and Interpretations

Gallivan

2010

J Archaeol Res

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Archaeological studies of Native American societies in the Chesapeake have recently incorporated a broader range of interpretive frames, including those that emphasize historical contingency and social interaction rather than cultural ecology and cultural materialism. New evidence of Woodland-period population movements, persistent places, and cycles of social ranking has prompted historically oriented interpretations that foreground particular configurations of ideology, tradition, ritual, and agency. Contact-period studies have demonstrated that native strategies of the colonial period were rooted in precontact social landscapes. Contemporary American Indians are also reclaiming their pasts in ways that challenge archaeological practices and further broaden perspectives on the Chesapeake past.

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Section: Early Colonial Periodmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Archaeology of Native Societies in the Chesapeake: New Investigations and Interpretations

Gallivan

2010

J Archaeol Res

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“…Anderson et al (1995) were the first to use the tree-ring record to make inferences on past drought and its impact on carrying capacity of prehistoric Native American societies in the Southeastern U.S., but this lone study represents, to this day, the only application of tree rings for understanding prehistoric cultures in the Southeast. Stahle et al (1998) and Blanton (2000) used bald cypress (Taxodium distichum (L). Rich.)…”

Section: A Brief Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Preface An Introduction To Dendroarchaeology In the Southeastern United States

Grissino-Mayer¹

2009

Tree-Ring Research

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Dendroarchaeology has a discontinuous history in the Southeastern United States, mostly because of misconceptions (the Southeast is too mesic), bad sampling practices (no standard protocol exists for preserving prehistoric wood samples), and a lack of reference tree-ring chronologies long enough to date wood from the abundant prehistoric sites. The majority of archaeological applications in recent years has focused on the dating of historic sites and structures to verify the documented year(s) of construction largely in response to requests from historical agencies to verify when a particular structure was built. We have found that most structures are one to two generations younger than their reported date(s) of construction, but most agencies find this information useful as tree-ring dating lends historical credibility to any site. The future of dendroarchaeology in the Southeast is encouraging but many more trained experts are needed to meet the demand of dating historical structures and sites. Furthermore, once a sampling protocol becomes standardized for retrieving wood from prehistoric sites, the potential for absolute dating of these sites is enormous given that abundant wood is archived in locations throughout the Southeast.

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“…Haug et al 2003;Hodell et al 2005). More recently, the difficulties of British settlement in North America in the beginning of the seventeenth century may have resulted from coincidental extreme droughts (Stahle et al 1998;Blanton 2000). In current times, we are all too familiar with droughts and consequent famine in Africa, for example.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving water use in crop production

Morison

Baker

Mullineaux

et al. 2007

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

487

317

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Globally, agriculture accounts for 80-90% of all freshwater used by humans, and most of that is in crop production. In many areas, this water use is unsustainable; water supplies are also under pressure from other users and are being affected by climate change. Much effort is being made to reduce water use by crops and produce 'more crop per drop'. This paper examines water use by crops, taking particularly a physiological viewpoint, examining the underlying relationships between carbon uptake, growth and water loss. Key examples of recent progress in both assessing and improving crop water productivity are described. It is clear that improvements in both agronomic and physiological understanding have led to recent increases in water productivity in some crops. We believe that there is substantial potential for further improvements owing to the progress in understanding the physiological responses of plants to water supply, and there is considerable promise within the latest molecular genetic approaches, if linked to the appropriate environmental physiology. We conclude that the interactions between plant and environment require a team approach looking across the disciplines from genes to plants to crops in their particular environments to deliver improved water productivity and contribute to sustainability.

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Drought as a factor in the Jamestown colony, 1607–1612

Cited by 37 publications

References 6 publications

The Archaeology of Native Societies in the Chesapeake: New Investigations and Interpretations

The Archaeology of Native Societies in the Chesapeake: New Investigations and Interpretations

Preface An Introduction To Dendroarchaeology In the Southeastern United States

Improving water use in crop production

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