Drought and cooperation in a conflict prone area: Bedouin herders and Jewish farmers in Israel's northern Negev, 1957–1963

Tubi, Amit; Feitelson, Eran

doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2015.11.009

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A case study on the Negev desert during the most severe drought on record found grazing on crop residues (cooperative) and crop damage (conflictive) to be common forms of interaction, with very few episodes of the latter escalating. Violence occurred only when communities without prior contact met [92].…”

Section: Empirical Studies 2014-2017mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, when drought is found to increase the risk of conflict occurrence, it could reflect increased interaction, which in turn increases the likelihood of several forms of human interaction, cooperative, and conflictive alike. Although news media are less likely to report on domestic instances of cooperation, stand-offs or non-violent friction than violence, a few studies have attempted at capturing parts of the nonviolent aspects of how societies adjust to resource scarcities [73,91,92]. As some non-naturalist scholars argue, focusing on violence unintentionally paints a one-sided picture where human agency is quite limited.…”

Section: Analyzing Medium-run Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate Change and Violence: Insights from Political Science

Theisen

2017

Curr Clim Change Rep

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Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to understand the state of the art of research related to climate change and collectively organized violence from a broad political science perspective. Recent Findings An increasing share of quantitative studies find a link between weather anomalies and violence for some forms of violence, but the directions are not always consistent and the mechanisms are not satisfactorily understood. Nonnaturalist scholars note important reservations. Summary Important improvements have been made during the last few years, but much remains to conclude that climate change will increase the risk of violence. An increased focus on the political consequences of adaptation and mitigation is needed.

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Section: Empirical Studies 2014-2017mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analyzing Medium-run Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and Violence: Insights from Political Science

Theisen

2017

Curr Clim Change Rep

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“…In Israel's Negev desert, conflict between Muslim Bedouin herders and Jewish settler farmers remained limited, and many cooperated to prevent the loss of livestock during a severe drought from 1957 to 1963. Intervention by the Ministry of Agriculture initially generated conflict, but institutional learning led to new policies that supported cooperation between communities by compensating for crop losses, getting herds access to water and food, and providing alternative income sources for farmers and herders [11]. Research on gender and climate change suggests there may be gendered differences in cooperation.…”

Section: Cooperation and Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, thinking only about the causal chains leading to physical violence or its absence hinders our ability to comprehensively understand the full range of responses to changing climate conditions [11]. While not always successful, cooperation in small communities and larger confederations demonstrates the power of working together to find non-violent solutions in crisis situations.…”

Section: Cooperation and Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Structural violence is defined here as institutional structures, policies, and ideologies valuing some segments of the population more than others, and that prevent less-valued people from meeting their basic needs [6][7][8]. Ethnographers, archaeologists, and others have also documented cases where communities cooperated, or at least not resorted to violence, to respond to severe weather events and climate shifts in temperature and precipitation [8][9][10][11]. Therefore, from an anthropological perspective, establishing the conditions that promote lethal violence under changing climate conditions is important for the development of successful, non-violent responses and adaptation to future climate uncertainty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An anthropological perspective on the climate change and violence relationship

Shaffer¹

2017

Preprint

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Purpose of Review:This review explores the complex climate change-violence relationship through an anthropological lens, focusing on the interacting social and environmental conditions that constrain individual choices for violence. Evidence and methods used by anthropologists to identify violent events, as well as anthropological theories regarding why individuals choose violence, are discussed. A general social-environmental model is presented and explored through four case studies, two archaeological and two ethnographic. Recent Findings: Recent research with historic and contemporary case studies suggests that resource uncertainty interacts with a complex array of pre-existing social and environmental conditions, including environmental degradation, poor governance, and social inequality, to promote violent responses both before and following climatic changes. Individuals may choose to avoid violence where supporting, cooperative mechanisms exist. Summary: Given that individuals make choices to respond violently or not based on their perceptions of these complex, interacting social and environmental conditions, violence in response to global climate change is not inevitable. KEYWORDS cooperation; governance; resource uncertainty; social-environmental system; social inequality; structural violence ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank you to Drs. Elisabeth Gilmore and Brian Sodden for their invitation to contribute to this special edition of Current Climate Change Reports. There is no conflict of interest.

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Research methods for exploring the links between climate change and conflict

Ide

2017

WIREs Climate Change

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The potential links between climate change and conflict have received much attention in recent years, but there is little consensus on the issue in the relevant literature. So far, few methodological reflections exist in climate-conflict research. This is unfortunate given the tremendous innovations in methods the research field has experienced in recent years and the potential of diverse methods to shed light on different aspects of the subject matter, thereby increasing our understanding of potential climate-conflict links. In order to counteract this shortcoming, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the developments and innovations in methods in climate-conflict research. It first identifies and discusses the most common methods in the research field: large-N statistical analysis and qualitative case study. The study goes on to evaluate four new methods that have emerged particularly since 2012: integration of statistical techniques and qualitative case studies; field experiment; risk analysis based on geographical information systems (GIS); and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). The review provides an overview of these methods and their potentials and pitfalls when used to study climate-conflict links. It also discusses how future research can deal with a pluralism of methods in order to gain deeper insights into the relationship between climate change and conflict.

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Drought and cooperation in a conflict prone area: Bedouin herders and Jewish farmers in Israel's northern Negev, 1957–1963

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Climate Change and Violence: Insights from Political Science

Climate Change and Violence: Insights from Political Science

An anthropological perspective on the climate change and violence relationship

Research methods for exploring the links between climate change and conflict

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