Droplet‐in‐Droplet Polymer Blend Microstructures: a Potential Route Toward the Recycling of Co‐mingled Plastics

Corroller, Pierre Le; Favis, Basil D.

doi:10.1002/macp.201200297

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…8,9 They can even be used as an approach to recycling co-mingled waste plastics. 10 A variety of phase morphologies can be obtained, in multiphase polymer blends, which offers the possibility to tune the properties of the resulting material. 11−26 For example, in ternary blends composed of two principal phases (A and B) and one minor phase (C), four types of morphologies are possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several parameters play a role in determining the obtained morphology, both related to the polymer themselves (i.e., composition, viscosity ratio, and interfacial tension) or to processing (thermomechanical history of the sample). − Recently, considerable attention has been paid to multicomponent polymer blends, comprising at least three immiscible polymers. Such systems can result in a set of entirely new materials, such as high-performance bioplastics, , hierarchically porous polymers, , and conductive polymer blends with ultra-low percolation thresholds. , They can even be used as an approach to recycling co-mingled waste plastics …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nucleation of Poly(lactide) Partially Wet Droplets in Ternary Blends with Poly(butylene succinate) and Poly(ε-caprolactone)

et al. 2020

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This work presents the first investigation on the crystallization behavior of partially wet droplets in immiscible ternary blends. Poly(lactide), poly(ε-caprolactone), and poly(butylene succinate) (PLA, PCL, and PBS, respectively) were melt blended in a 10/45/45 weight ratio to produce a "partial wetting" morphology with droplets of the PLA minor phase located at the interface between the other two major components. The crystallization process of the higher melting PLA droplets was studied by polarized light optical microscopy, while the other components remain in the molten state. We found that neighboring partially wet droplets nucleate in close sequence. This is unexpected since partially wet droplets display points of three-phase contact and, hence, should not touch each other. Moreover, the onset of poly(lactide) crystallization is frequently observed at the interface with molten PCL or PBS, with a significant preference for the former polymer. The observed sequential droplet-to-droplet crystallization is attributed to the weak partial wetting behavior of the PCL/PLA/PBS ternary system. In fact, the contact between the interfacially confined droplets during crystallization due to their mobility can lead to a transition from a partial to a completely wet state, with the formation of thin continuous layers bridging larger partially wet droplets. This allows crystallization to spread sequentially between neighboring domains. Using a simple heterogeneous nucleation model, it is shown that the nucleation of PLA on either PCL or PBS melts is energetically feasible. This study establishes a clear relationship between the unique partial wetting morphology of ternary blends and the nucleation of the minor component, paving the way to the understanding and control of crystallization in multiphasic polymer blends for advanced applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleation of Poly(lactide) Partially Wet Droplets in Ternary Blends with Poly(butylene succinate) and Poly(ε-caprolactone)

et al. 2020

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“…However, controlling the morphology and microstructure of the blend is essential to achieve the desired properties 3,12,15,24 . By increasing the number of components, controlling the morphology and properties of blends become very challenging 25–28 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Back‐layer on seal performance of multilayer polyethylene‐based sealant films

Aghkand

Saffar

Ajji

2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This work studies effects of back‐layer materials, thickness of sealant layer, and sealing condition on seal performance of multilayer polyethylene‐based films. Multilayer films with back‐layers of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), or low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), or linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) were produced with different thicknesses of the metallocene layer. It was found that increasing the thickness of the metallocene layer improved hot tack properties. In addition, films with back‐layers of LLDPE or LDPE showed higher hot tack strength compared to those with HDPE back‐layer. Increasing sealing temperature reduced significantly the hot tack strength and its dependency on metallocene layer thickness. It was found that increasing delay time after sealing, before peeling test, increased hot tack strength, but the rate of hot tack evolution and the type of peeling behavior were considerably affected by the type of back‐layer material. The effect of dwell time was also examined, and it was observed that increasing dwell time in the studied range did not affect the hot tack evolution. The mechanisms involved in the development of hot tack evolution were discussed, and it was shown that the back‐layer effects can be explained by bulk viscoelastic energy dissipation theory.

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“…The critical role of interfacial tension in controlling morphology in completely wet ternary polymeric systems has also been reported in several studies. 4,10,20 The addition of a small amount of interfacial modifier to an HDPE/PS/PP system modified the morphology from composite droplets of PS encapsulated by PP to separately dispersed PS and PP droplets in the matrix of HDPE. 4 Wilkinson et al 21 observed a morphology transition from separately dispersed phases of PA6 and poly[styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene] (SEBS) triblock copolymer to partially and then finally completely engulfed PA6 droplets upon the progressive replacement of SEBS with a reactive maleic anhydride-grafted SEBS-g-MA in a matrix of PP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial and Complete Wetting in Ultralow Interfacial Tension Multiphase Blends with Polylactide

Zolali

Favis

2016

J. Phys. Chem. B

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The control of phase structuring in multiphase blends of polylactide (PLA) with other polymers is a viable approach to promote its broader implementation. In this article, ternary and quaternary blends of PLA with poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) are prepared by melt blending. The interfacial tensions between components are measured using three different techniques, and a Fourier transform infrared imaging technique is developed for the purpose of unambiguous phase identification. A tricontinuous complete wetting behavior is observed for the ternary 33PLA/33PBS/33PBAT blend before and after quiescent annealing, which correlates closely with spreading theory analysis. In the quaternary PLA/PBS/PBAT/PHBV blend, a concentration-dependent wetting behavior is found. At 10 vol % PBAT, self-assembled partially wet droplets of PBAT are observed at the interface of PBS and PHBV, and they remain stable after quiescent annealing as predicted by spreading theory. In contrast, at 25 vol % PBAT, a quadruple continuous system is observed after mixing, which only transforms to partially wet PBAT droplets after subsequent annealing. These results clearly indicate the potential of composition control during the mixing of multiphase systems to result in a complete change of spreading behavior.

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Droplet‐in‐Droplet Polymer Blend Microstructures: a Potential Route Toward the Recycling of Co‐mingled Plastics

Cited by 10 publications

References 58 publications

Nucleation of Poly(lactide) Partially Wet Droplets in Ternary Blends with Poly(butylene succinate) and Poly(ε-caprolactone)

Nucleation of Poly(lactide) Partially Wet Droplets in Ternary Blends with Poly(butylene succinate) and Poly(ε-caprolactone)

Effect of Back‐layer on seal performance of multilayer polyethylene‐based sealant films

Partial and Complete Wetting in Ultralow Interfacial Tension Multiphase Blends with Polylactide

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