Droplet detachment regimes in annular laser beam droplet generation from a metal wire

Kuznetsov, Alexander; Jeromen, Andrej; Govekar, Edvard

doi:10.1016/j.cirp.2014.03.051

Cited by 15 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the continuous ALDG process [15], the wire is fed at a constant feeding velocity, whereas the laser source emits periodic laser pulses at a certain preset frequency in order to melt the wire-end. Due to the periodic heating and melting of the wire directly above the pendant droplet, the droplet grows by incorporating the melted material and is at the same time excited into oscillation since its attachment point is periodically displaced.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nonlinear Dynamic Force Balance Mass-spring-damper Model Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are achieved by a single time-dependent, laser-pulse synchronized with the feeding of the wire, or as continuous ALDG [15], where periodic laser pulses melt the end of the wire, which is fed continuously with a constant velocity into the focus of the annular laser beam. An experimental study of the continuous ALDG has shown that, depending on the laser-pulse frequency, the detachment of the pendant droplet is stimulated by the resonance of a droplet-oscillation eigenmode with the polar wavenumber n = 1, 2, or 3 [15]. In addition, a recent experimental study, based on time series and focused on the n = 1 droplet-oscillation eigenmode in the laser-pulse frequency range between 60 Hz and 190 Hz [16], showed that the essential dynamics of the pendant droplet are very similar to that of a time-varied, mass-spring-damper system.…”

Section: Nonlinear Dynamic Force Balance Mass-spring-damper Model Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They differ in terms of the shape of the input metal material, which can be either a foil [12], a spherical preform [13], or a wire [14]. Although it achieves lower dropletgeneration frequencies compared to melt-ejection methods, the laser droplet generation from a wire using an annular laser beam [15] shows strong application potential, since it can employ metals with a high melting point, such as nickel [14], is not very sensitive to oxygen content, and the related system includes no wearable parts. In annular laser beam droplet generation (ALDG), a metal wire is fed axially into the center of the annular laser beam, which is focused on the circumference of the wire-end.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonlinear Dynamic Force Balance Mass-spring-damper Model of Laser Droplet Generation from a Metal Wire

Jeromen¹,

Govekar²

2018

SV-JME

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In the laser droplet generation process a metal wire is continuously fed into the focus of a pulsed annular laser beam that melts the wire-end and forms a growing pendant droplet that is then detached from the wire. The process is highly complex due to its non-stationarity, nonlinearity, and the interplay of numerous physical phenomena. With the aim of describing the process, a low-dimensional, non-linear, dynamic force balance, mass-spring-damper model of the pendant droplet with time-dependent coefficients was formulated based on experimental observations of the process. A comparison between the modelled and experimental droplet centroid vertical position time series and their timefrequency maps showed that the model captures the essential pendant-droplet dynamics in the selected laser-pulse frequency range between 60 Hz and 190 Hz. It was also found that the modelled time of detachment and the detached-droplet diameter were in good agreement with the experimental results, including the bifurcation at the laser-pulse frequency of 120 Hz and the coexistence of two detached-droplet diameter values below that frequency. In addition, the pendent droplet's lateral oscillation and the Rayleigh-Plateau instability were identified as having a significant influence on the process outcome in certain laser-pulse frequency ranges.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nonlinear Dynamic Force Balance Mass-spring-damper Model Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nonlinear Dynamic Force Balance Mass-spring-damper Model Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nonlinear Dynamic Force Balance Mass-spring-damper Model of Laser Droplet Generation from a Metal Wire

Jeromen¹,

Govekar²

2018

SV-JME

Self Cite

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“…For example, in an experimental study performed by Kuznetsov et al [83], the process of detachment of drops from a metal wire by a novel annular laser beam was studied. In this study, several drop detachment regimes are presented and analyzed.…”

Section: Critical Drop Size and Dynamics Of Its Breakupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of drops — Formation, growth, oscillation, detachment, and coalescence

Karbaschi

Rahni

Javadi

et al. 2015

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

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Acceleration of metal drops in a laser beam

et al. 2020

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Different processes require the detachment of metal drops from a solid material using a laser beam as the heat source, for instance laser drop generation or cyclam. These techniques imply that the drops enter the laser beam, which might affect their trajectory. Also, many laser processes such as laser welding or additive manufacturing generate spatters that can be accelerated by the laser beam during flight and create defects on the material. This fundamental study aims at investigating the effects of a continuous power laser beam on the acceleration of intentionally detached drops and unintentionally detached spatters. Two materials were studied: 316L steel and AlSi5 aluminium alloy. High-speed imaging was used to measure the position of the drops and calculate their acceleration to compare it to theoretical models. Accelerations up to 11.2 g could be measured. The contributions of the vapor pressure, the recoil pressure, and the radiation pressure were investigated. The recoil pressure was found to be the main driving effect but other phenomena counteract this acceleration and reduce it by an order of magnitude of one to two. In addition, two different vaporization regimes were observed, resulting respectively in a vapor plume and in a vapor halo around the drop.

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Droplet detachment regimes in annular laser beam droplet generation from a metal wire

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Nonlinear Dynamic Force Balance Mass-spring-damper Model of Laser Droplet Generation from a Metal Wire

Nonlinear Dynamic Force Balance Mass-spring-damper Model of Laser Droplet Generation from a Metal Wire

Dynamics of drops — Formation, growth, oscillation, detachment, and coalescence

Acceleration of metal drops in a laser beam

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