Drop Test of Plastic Packagings – Correlation with Material Parameters and Change of Packaging Behaviour After Impact of Standard Liquids

Abstract

A guided drop test was performed to achieve a defined and reproducible impact orientation of jerrycans. The drop heights where 50% of the jerrycans experienced a failure from a crack where fluid can escape (50% failure drop height) were compared among jerrycans made of four different materials, in their original state and preconditioned with standard liquids. To analyse the impact of only elevated temperatures, the packages were preconditioned for 21 days at 40 C without the use of chemicals.The 50% failure drop height was compared by using Young's modulus; the notched impact strength (NIS) of specimen cut from plates which were manufactured by compression moulding and the notched tensile impact strength of specimen cut-outs of the jerrycans' side walls. The NIS depends highly on the thermal preconditioning of the plates being manufactured by compression moulding. A trend can be seen that a higher Young's modulus, a higher NIS and a higher notched tensile impact strength result in a higher 50% failure drop height, but the values are spread. The influence of the wall thickness cannot be neglected.The change of the 50% failure drop height in regard to the preconditioning at 40 C with and without nitric acid was compared in terms of their resistance to molecular degradation, density and degree of crystallinity. The conditioning at elevated temperature causes post-crystallization. It was shown that the resistance to molecular degradation determined on pressed plates correlates with the change of the 50% failure drop height after pre-storage with nitric acid.

Improved criteria for evaluating impact targets in regulative drop tests of dangerous goods packagings

“…An appropriate statistical method for evaluating the mass ratio influence in the drop test is given by the 50% failure drop height according to the Bruceton method 7 . This statistical method allows to calculate the drop height from which a package has a probability of 50% to fail the drop test (evident leakage of contents according to ADR 6.6.5.3.4.5 2 ).…”

“…to the Bruceton method. 7 This statistical method allows to calculate the drop height from which a package has a probability of 50% to fail the drop test (evident leakage of contents according to ADR 6.6.5.3.4.5 2 ). It aims to determine if there is statistically significant difference in the 50% failure drop height values considering notable change in mass ratio.…”

Development of an analysis and testing concept for the evaluation of impact targets in the mechanical safety testing of dangerous goods packagings

“…The value is determined by the Bruceton method 16 . Menrad 17,18 examines and analyses the 50% failure drop heights of jerrycans with a volume of 22 L made of different materials according to the Bruceton method in guided drop tests on the jerrycan side wall. However, this test series was not focussed on the variation of the impact target.…”

“…The value is determined by the Bruceton method. 16 Menrad 17,18 jerrycan side wall. However, this test series was not focussed on the variation of the impact target.…”

Drop Performance of Dangerous Goods Packages in the Aspect of Parcel Delivery Standards

“…An interesting study of drop tests of jerrycans were presented by Menrad et al, where guided drop tests were performed to achieve defined and reproducible impact orientations. The drop heights where 50% of the jerrycans experienced a failure from a crack where fluid can escape (50% failure drop height) were compared among jerrycans made of four different materials, in their original state and preconditioned with standard liquids [11].…”