Drop size distribution in a batch mixer under breakage conditions

Ruiz, M.C.; Lermanda, P; Padilla, R.

doi:10.1016/s0304-386x(01)00223-7

Cited by 52 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Population balance equation (PBE) models have been successfully used to predict size distributions for other particulate processing devices including liquid-liquid dispersers (Alopaeus et al, 1999(Alopaeus et al, , 2002(Alopaeus et al, , 2003Coulaloglou and Tavlarides, 1977;Kostoglou and Karabelas, 2001;Sovova, 1981;Sovova and Prochazka, 1981), liquid-liquid extractors (Ruiz et al, 2002;Ruiz and Padilla, 2004;Simon et al, 2003), and high pressure homogenizers (Hakansson et al, 2009a,b). We have developed a series of increasingly sophisticated PBE models for high pressure homogenizers that account for both breakage and coalescence (Raikar et al, 2009(Raikar et al, , 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of emulsion drop size distributions in colloid mills

Maindarkar

Dubbelboer

Meuldijk

et al. 2014

Chemical Engineering Science

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Developed a population balance equation model for emulsification in colloid mill. Derived the function for drop breakage frequency in simple shear flow. Proposed a new daughter drop distribution function for capillary drop breakage. Used a viscosity model to predict the emulsion viscosity at high shear rates. Demonstrated good agreement between measured and predicted drop size distributions. Colloid mills are the most common emulsification devices used in industry for products with high oil content. Drop breakage occurs when the emulsion is flowed through a small gap between rotor and stator under laminar shear conditions. In this paper, we have developed the first full population balance equation (PBE) model for colloid mills and used the model to better understand the relevant drop breakage mechanisms. The PBE model accounted for both drop breakage and coalescence and generated predictions of the drop size distribution after each pass of the emulsion through the colloid mill. Drops were assumed to break due to capillary instability with the distribution of drop sizes resulting from each breakage event studied in detail. A viscosity model was developed to predict the emulsion viscosity as function of the oil fraction and the high shear rates commonly used. Nonlinear optimization was used to estimate adjustable parameters in the breakage and coalescence functions to minimize the least-squares difference between predicted and measured drop size distributions for high oil-to-surfactant emulsions. We concluded that experimentally observed drop volume distributions could not be predicted with daughter drop distribution functions reported in the literature. Improved predictions were obtained using a new bimodal distribution function which captured drop breakage into multiple, nearly uniform daughter drops with a large number of small satellite drops. We also investigated model extensibility for changes in the oil fraction, emulsion flow rate and rotor speed.Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of emulsion drop size distributions in colloid mills

Maindarkar

Dubbelboer

Meuldijk

et al. 2014

Chemical Engineering Science

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“…Respecto a la distribución de tamaño de las gotas, éstas tienden a ser más pequeñas al incrementar la temperatura. Resultados similares se han obtenido en trabajos de investigación en sistemas líquido -líquido [3,[7][8][9] .…”

Section: Efecto De La Temperatura En Los Arrastres O/aunclassified

“…El aumento de arrastre O/A por efecto del pH se contrapone a los resultados obtenidos por otros autores [3] . Sin embargo, autores que estudiaron el efecto del pH en la coalescencia de las gotas en fase acuosa usando benceno y tetracloruro de carbono, lograron establecer que el pH inhibe la coalescencia [10] .…”

Section: Efecto Del Ph En Los Arrastres O/aunclassified

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Estimación y modelización de arrastres de orgánico en acuoso (O/A) en pruebas de laboratorio de planta de extracción por solventes (SX) de cobre

Benavente¹,

Hernández²,

Sagredo³

2013

REVMETAL

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The losses of organic through entrainment (O/A), in the solvent extraction process, implies economic waste; for such reason we became interested in estimating the effect with three different oximes under different operational conditions, in addition, to model them in terms of physico-chemical variables, so that these losses can be predicted. The tests are made in Anetich reactor in aqueous continuity using Orfom SX 12 diluent, with the following concentrations of extracting agent 10 %, 15 % and 20 %. For the preparation of the measures model a factorial design is applied 2 k to the tests. The results indicate that ketoxime displays a minor entrainment of O/A in average 40 % and 20 % less in comparison with aldoxime and the mixture respectively. The model is given by the equation: Entrainment of O/A=C -B * Temperature -E * pH + F * Agitation; where C, B, E and F are specific constants of each reagent.

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“…22 Liquid−liquid dispersion can be characterized by parameters which can represent the entire dispersion such as the median drop size; the Sauter mean diameter, d 32 ; and the diameter of the largest drop, d max . 23 d 32 is commonly used in characterization of liquid−liquid dispersion because it relates the area of the dispersed phase to its volume. Therefore, it can be related to mass transfer and the chemical reaction rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Measurement Techniques for Drop Size Distribution in a Stirred Vessel

Abidin

Raman

Nor

2013

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A literature review on measurements of drop size distribution in liquid−liquid dispersion produced in a stirred vessel is presented in this work. The methods of measurement can be classified into in situ and external measurement. Two main groups of measurement techniques, namely, a laser system and image analysis, are reviewed. Several issues regarding the applications of the techniques and possible ways to overcome the problems are discussed. The suitability of different techniques depends on the operating conditions and properties of the drops. Laser systems provide fast in situ measurements which are useful for online monitoring and detecting process changes but unable to deliver reliable drop size and distribution values. In situ image analysis techniques could give accurate measurement of drop size, but a long time is required to analyze drops from a large number of images. However with development of automated image analysis, analysis time can be reduced. Therefore real-time monitoring and process control by image analysis techniques can be possible.

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Drop size distribution in a batch mixer under breakage conditions

Cited by 52 publications

References 21 publications

Prediction of emulsion drop size distributions in colloid mills

Prediction of emulsion drop size distributions in colloid mills

Estimación y modelización de arrastres de orgánico en acuoso (O/A) en pruebas de laboratorio de planta de extracción por solventes (SX) de cobre

Review on Measurement Techniques for Drop Size Distribution in a Stirred Vessel

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