“…Play behavior has been documented in a wide range of nonhuman animals including dogs, coyotes, and wolves (Bekoff, 1974), domestic cattle (Brownlee, 1954;Jensen & Kyhn, 2000), pigs (Blackshaw, Swain, Blackshaw, Thomas, & Gillies, 1997;Donaldson, Newberry, Spinka, & Cloutier, 2002), mice (Terranova, Laviola, & Alleva, 1993), cats (Caro, 1980;Hall & Bradshaw, 1998), bottlenose dolphins (McCowan, Marino, Vance, Walke, & Reiss, 2000), beluga whales (Delfour & Aulagnier, 1997), herring gulls (Gamble & Cristol, 2002), and octopuses (Mather & Anderson, 1999), to cite just a few. There are species within every family of mammals that demonstrate some play (Burghardt, 1998).…”