“…For some time now, scholars have been arguing that airspace is not a given and that atmospheres are historical, even geopolitical entities (Adey 2010(Adey , 2014Banner 2008;Graham 2004Graham , 2016Gregory 2011Gregory , 2014Keysar 2018Keysar , 2019Lin 2016Lin , 2017McCormack 2008McCormack , 2018Nieuwenhuis 2016Nieuwenhuis , 2018Parks 2005Parks , 2016Parks , 2018Shaw 2016;Whitehead 2009;Williams 2010Williams , 2011. Modern airspace has been described aptly by Alison Williams as "overlapping, multivolumetric areas"; for example, civil airspace comprises "permanent air lanes" that "link airports," while military airspace is composed most often of very large and even amorphous geometric volumes that can be "activated and deactivated" as needed" (2011, 254).…”