Driving forces for recovery of forest vegetation after harvesting a subalpine oak forest in eastern Tibetan Plateau

Xiong, Qinli; Li, Lingjuan; Luo, Xiaojin; He, Xing‐Jin; Zhang, Lin; Pan, Kaiwen; Liu, Chenggang; Sun, Hui

doi:10.1007/s11356-021-15367-3

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…5 and 7 ), where vegetation restoration is not sustainable. Due to extreme climatic conditions and ecosystem fragility in the subalpine areas of the ETP, the ecology is highly sensitive to logging activities, and post-harvest ecological restoration faces enormous challenges ( Xiong et al, 2021 ). Even some achievements have been made in forest restoration by government support, but the survival rate of afforestation is still low in some areas ( He, Shi & Fu, 2021 ), and vegetation is degraded in some places ( Wang et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is extremely vulnerable in terms of forest management and deforestation due to extreme climatic conditions and ecosystem fragility ( Zhang et al, 2012 ). Over the past decades, extensive zones of deforestation have been left on the Eastern Tibetan Plateau (ETP), due to logging-related destruction ( Xiong et al, 2021 ). Since 2000, China has implemented a series of ecological projects, such as the Natural Forest Protection Project (NFPP) ( Mullan et al, 2010 ), and the Return of Cropland to Forests and Grasses Project (RCFGP) ( Xie et al, 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative analysis of vegetation restoration and potential driving factors in a typical subalpine region of the Eastern Tibet Plateau

Feng

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Vegetation restoration is an essential approach to re-establish the ecological balance in subalpine areas. Changes in vegetation cover represent, to some extent, vegetation growth trends and are the consequence of a complex of different natural factors and human activities. Microtopography influences vegetation growth by affecting the amount of heat and moisture reaching the ground, a role that is more pronounced in subalpine areas. However, little research is concerned with the characteristics and dynamics of vegetation restoration in different microtopography types. The respective importance of the factors driving vegetation changes in subalpine areas is also not clear yet. We used linear regression and the Hurst exponent to analyze the trends in vegetation restoration and sustainability in different microtopography types since 2000, based on Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) and identified potential driving factors of vegetation change and their importance by using Geographical Detector. The results show that: (1) The FVC in the region under study has shown an up-trend since 2000, and the rate of increase is 0.26/year (P = 0.028). It would be going from improvement to degradation, continuous decrease or continuous significant decrease in 47.48% of the region, in the future. (2) The mean FVC is in the following order: lower slope (cool), lower slope, lower slope (warm), valley, upper slope (warm), upper slope, valley (narrow), upper slope (cool), cliff, mountain/divide, peak/ridge (warm), peak/ridge, peak/ridge (cool). The lower slope is the microtopographic type with the best vegetation cover, and ridge peak is the most difficult to be afforested. (3) The main factors affecting vegetation restoration in subalpine areas are aspect, microtopographic type, and soil taxonomy great groups. The interaction between multiple factors has a much stronger effect on vegetation cover than single factors, with the effect of temperatures and aspects having the most significant impact on the vegetation cover changes. Natural factors have a greater impact on vegetation restoration than human factors in the study area. The results of this research can contribute a better understanding of the influence of different drivers on the change of vegetation cover, and provide appropriate references and recommendations for vegetation restoration and sustainable development in typical logging areas in subalpine areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of vegetation restoration and potential driving factors in a typical subalpine region of the Eastern Tibet Plateau

Feng

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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“…In addition, the center of the deformed area was likely to cumulate nutrients and water due to the erosion of rainfall runoff on the rugged slopes after ground deformation, and thus, these areas were suitable for the emergence of shrub communities, which has also been reported in previous research (Frouz et al, 2011;Frouz et al, 2018). Furthermore, the trees that died due to ground deformation supplemented the soil nutrients with residues, which also provided opportunities for the development of shrub and herb communities (Ali et al, 2019;Xiong et al, 2021). Due to the relatively low requirements for habitats, the herb communities basically exhibited a random distribution pattern throughout the entire area, but they signi cantly expanded into the area that used to be occupied by the tree communities, and the herb coverage also increased.…”

Section: Responses Of Different Plant Communities To Mininginduced Gr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting long-term effects of mining-induced ground deformation on plant patterns in semi-arid areas using a cellular automata model

Zhang

Hou

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Contexts Mining-induced ground deformation has various effects on different plant communities. However, little is known about the effects of ground deformation on plant patterns after spontaneous succession, and there is currently no quantitative approach to the detection of these long-term effects. Objectives A plant community succession model (PCSM) based on cellular automate was developed, and the 30-year plant succession within a subsidence area in the Yungang mining area in China under mining and non-mining scenarios, as well as under two sets of initial conditions (plant-covered and bare), were simulated and compared. Methods The normalized mean square error (NMSE) was applied to test the accuracy of the PCSM and to reveal the effects of ground deformation at the patch scale, which was 0.06–0.59 for simulated and observed plant patterns. Six landscape indicators (contagion index (CONTAG), patch cohesion index (COHESION), landscape division (DIVISION), Shannon’s diversity index (SHDI), Shannon’s evenness index (SHEI), and aggregation index (AI)) were calculated for the mining and non-mining scenarios and compared to reveal the effects at the landscape scale. Results The results show that the DIVISION, SHDI, and SHEI were significantly higher in the mining scenario than in the non-mining scenario under plant-covered conditions; while the DIVISION was greater for the mining scenario than for the non-mining scenario, indicating that the ground deformation resulted in a loose, separated, and mixed plant pattern. The dynamics of the plant coverages and patterns in the two scenarios reflect the negative and positive effects of ground deformation on the tree and shrub communities, respectively. In terms of the shrub and tree communities, the NMSEs fluctuated at a high level under bare conditions, especially at the patch scale of 10 × 10 m, for which it was maintained at >0.5. Conclusion Overall, the mining-induced ground deformation chronically influenced the plant succession by limiting tree communities and promoting shrub communities, and it led to a heterogenous plant pattern. The results of this research provide a reference for detecting the long-term effects of mining-induced ground deformation on plant patterns, and they also provide insights into the effects of underground mining on different plant communities.

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“…NVR as a crucial practice to control the development of gully erosion has been widely adopted and could deeply change the eco-environment in farmland [5,6]. Previous studies provide important insights into NVR influencing the heterogeneity of soil microbial communities, and their functions in polluted soils or forest ecosystems [7][8][9]. However, it is still poorly understood how NVR influences the soil microbial community, and their functions in the eroded soils, especially in the soils of gullies, which has been highly eroded and finally recovered by various vegetation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, NVR improved the soil microbial phosphorus (P) transport, nitrogen (N), or C storage, which was closely associated with vegetation types and restoration time [3]. Additionally, the root exudates are determined by plant species and abundance, which change the soil properties, and further influence the microbial composition, especially for the abundance of parasitic and symbiotic microorganisms [8,11]. Moreover, the decomposition of plant residues can also alter soil nutrient composition, and thus affect microbial composition [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Community and Their Potential Functions after Natural Vegetation Restoration in Gullies of Farmland in Mollisols of Northeast China

Xiao

Zhang

Yan

et al. 2022

Land

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Although huge numbers of gullies have been widely formed and have severely decreased the quality of farmlands in mollisols, it is still unclear how the microbial community distributes after natural vegetation restoration (NVR), which highly relates to the ecological functions in the farmland. In this study, both the microbial community and their potential ecological functions after NVR were reviewed, together with the environmental factors relating to microbial evolution which were detected in two gullies of mollisols situated on farmland in Northeast China. The main results showed that NVR improved the microbial diversity and complexity of the co-occurrence network in gullies, and promoted bacterial community composition to be similar between the gully and deposition area. Moreover, the soil organic matter (SOM) regulated the microbial diversity by balancing soil available phosphorus (AP), soil moisture (SM), and pH, thus stimulating the key bacterial biomarkers of gullies (Rhizobiales, Microtrichales, TRA3-20) and regulating the bacterial composition, as well as indirectly enriching the function of bacteria to perform denitrification, C fixation, and phosphorus transport in gullies. In addition, abundant Dicotyledons in gullies mainly regulate the fungal community composition, and increased fungal richness in 0–20 cm soil depth, but decreased bacteria richness in 0–20 cm soil depth. Our findings revealed the repair mechanism of NVR on soil bacterial and fungal communities, especially on bacterial functionality, which should be given further attention in nutrient cycling across eroding mollisols in gullies.

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Driving forces for recovery of forest vegetation after harvesting a subalpine oak forest in eastern Tibetan Plateau

Cited by 9 publications

References 63 publications

Quantitative analysis of vegetation restoration and potential driving factors in a typical subalpine region of the Eastern Tibet Plateau

Quantitative analysis of vegetation restoration and potential driving factors in a typical subalpine region of the Eastern Tibet Plateau

Detecting long-term effects of mining-induced ground deformation on plant patterns in semi-arid areas using a cellular automata model

Microbial Community and Their Potential Functions after Natural Vegetation Restoration in Gullies of Farmland in Mollisols of Northeast China

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