Driving Behaviors: Models and Challenges for Non-Lane Based Mixed Traffic

Abstract

Most published microscopic driving behavior models, such as car following and lane changing, were developed for homogeneous and lane-based settings. In the emerging and developing world, traffic is characterized by a wide mix of vehicle types (e.g., motorized and non-motorized, two, three and four wheelers) that differ substantially in their dimensions, performance capabilities and driver behavior and by a lack of lane discipline. This paper presents a review of current driving behavior models in the context of mixed traffic, discusses their limitations and the data and modeling challenges that need to be met in order to extend and improve their fidelity. The models discussed include those for longitudinal and lateral movements and gap acceptance. The review points out some of the limitations of current models. A main limitation of current models is that they have not explicitly considered the wider range of situations that drivers in mixed traffic may face compared to drivers in homogeneous lane-based traffic, and the strategies that they may choose in order to tackle these situations. In longitudinal movement, for example, such strategies include not only strict following, but also staggered following, following between two vehicles and squeezing. Furthermore, due to limited availability of trajectory data in mixed traffic, most of the models are not estimated rigorously. The outline of modeling framework for integrated driver behavior was discussed finally.

Simulation Strategies for Mixed Traffic Conditions: A Review of Car-Following Models and Simulation Frameworks

“…is driving behaviour in mixed traffic stream can be analysed by empirical data collection from real-time traffic data. A very limited data on vehicle trajectory are available in case of mixed traffic due to high cost and difficulty in data collection and its extraction and huge variations in vehicle type, size, and dynamics [125].…”

Flexible car–following models for mixed traffic and weak lane–discipline conditions

“…Asaithambi et al [5] have reviewed driver behavior models under mixed traffic conditions and have pointed out limitations of current models, arguing that the main limitation is that they do not explicitly consider the wider range of situations that drivers in mixed traffic face. Munigety and Mathew [2] have identified that due to weak lane discipline, drivers maneuvering in mixed traffic streams exhibit some peculiar patterns such as maintaining shorter headways, swerving, and filtering.…”

Detection of road traffic participants using cost-effective arrayed ultrasonic sensors in low-speed traffic situations

“…However, more than 2000 cyclists and 7000 pedestrians were killed annually in the European Union, accounted for 27% of all fatalities [1]. The situation was even worse in the emerging and developing countries like India and China [2]. Their rapid economic growths increase travel demand, but overwhelm the limited transportation infrastructure.…”