Driving an inductive piezoelectric transducer with class E inverter

Yuan, Tao; Dong, Xiquan; Shekhani, Husain N.; Li, Chaodong; Maida, Yuichi; Tou, Tonshaku; Uchino, Kenji

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2017.05.021

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For example, The class-D power amplifier was developed for high-power piezoelectric loads [25,26]. On the other hand, a class-E power amplifier was developed for 41.5 kHz piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers in favor of a specific frequency ranges [23,27]. Since the sensitivity of an ultrasound system generally depends on the voltage or power gain of the device, it is useful for the power amplifier of the ultrasound device to be a high-voltage or high-power amplifier [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Class-J Power Amplifier Implementation for Ultrasound Device Applications

You

Kim²,

Choi

2020

Sensors

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In ultrasonic systems, power amplifiers are one of the most important electronic components used to supply output voltages to ultrasonic devices. If ultrasonic devices have low sensitivity and limited maximum allowable voltages, it can be quite challenging to detect the echo signal in the ultrasonic system itself. Therefore, the class-J power amplifier, which can generate high output power with high efficiency, is proposed for such ultrasonic device applications. The class-J power amplifier developed has a power efficiency of 63.91% and a gain of 28.16 dB at 25 MHz and 13.52 dBm input. The pulse-echo measurement method was used to verify the performance of the electronic components used in the ultrasonic system. The echo signal appearing with the discharged high voltage signal was measured. The amplitude of the first echo signal in the measured echo signal spectrum was 4.4 V and the total-harmonic-distortion (THD), including the fundamental signal and the second harmonic, was 22.35%. The amplitude of the second echo signal was 1.08 V, and the THD, including the fundamental signal and the second harmonic, was 12.45%. These results confirm that a class-J power amplifier can supply a very high output echo signal to an ultrasonic device.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Class-J Power Amplifier Implementation for Ultrasound Device Applications

You

Kim²,

Choi

2020

Sensors

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“…High efficiency in the class-E power amplifier can be achieved by minimizing the power loss during the switching operation [31,32]. Class-E amplifiers were implemented for the 41.5 kHz piezoelectric transducers, which only functioned in certain narrow frequency ranges [39]. The class-S power amplifier has wide bandwidth to be used for various non-constant input waveforms, such as the load having low bandwidth or broad bandwidth [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide Bandwidth Class-S Power Amplifiers for Ultrasonic Devices

You

Choi

2020

Sensors

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Wide bandwidth ultrasonic devices are a necessity in high-resolution ultrasonic systems. Therefore, constant output voltages need to be produced across the wide bandwidths of a power amplifier. We present the first design of a wide bandwidth class-S power amplifier for ultrasonic devices. The −6 dB bandwidth of the developed class-S power amplifier was measured at 125.07% at 20 MHz, thus, offering a wide bandwidth for ultrasonic devices. Pulse-echo measurement is a performance measurement method used to evaluate the performance of ultrasonic transducers, components, or systems. The pulse-echo signals were obtained using an ultrasonic transducer with designed power amplifiers. In the pulse-echo measurements, time and frequency analyses were conducted to evaluate the bandwidth flatness of the power amplifiers. The frequency range of the ultrasonic transducer was measured and compared when using the developed class-S and commercial class-A power amplifiers with the same output voltages. The class-S power amplifiers had a relatively flat bandwidth (109.7 mV at 17 MHz, 112.0 mV at 20 MHz, and 109.5 mV at 23 MHz). When the commercial class-A power amplifier was evaluated under the same conditions, an uneven bandwidth was recorded (110.6 mV at 17 MHz, 111.5 mV at 20 MHz, and 85.0 mV at 23 MHz). Thus, we demonstrated that the designed class-S power amplifiers could prove useful for ultrasonic devices with a wide frequency range.

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“…Ultrasound or ultrasonic wave has long been used in many industrial businesses [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] including the medical applications [8][9][10]. The key device to generate the ultrasound wave is called ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer (UPZT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There currently are various methods to drive the UPZT in resonant mode. As of today, the most popular UPZT driving circuits/techniques could be categorized into either power factor correction (PFC) based [2,8] or the phase-locked loop (PLL) based solutions [1,[3][4]12]. It is PFC-based driving circuits that usually require additional reactive components with some kinds of complicated compensation to minimize the reactive part of the UPZT impedance and thus put the UPZT into resonance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Resonance-Frequency Tuning and Tracking Technique for a 1MHz Ultrasonic-Piezoelectric-Transducer Driving Circuit in Medical Therapeutic Applications Using dsPIC Microcontroller and PLL Techniques

Boontaklang¹,

Chompoo-inwai²

2019

IJIES

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Driving ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer (UPZT) at maximum performance in real-time operations is a very challenging task due to the deterioration problem of ultrasound output causing by human-skin impedance fluctuations. This paper proposed ideas and solutions on how to maximize the UPZT driving circuit performance in or deter to solve the deterioration problem. A newly-designed feedback control block with a phase-locked-loop (PLL) technique controlled by microcontroller has been added to the conventional UPZT driving circuit to ensure the automatic resonance frequency tuning and tracking capabilities. After intensive experiments, it is clear that the proposed technique works flawlessly and much more efficient compared to the conventional one. The experimental results also confirm that the percentage of error in tuning to the desired frequency is less than ±0.2% and the speed of tuning convergence time is between 9-12 milliseconds on average.

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Driving an inductive piezoelectric transducer with class E inverter

Cited by 30 publications

References 21 publications

A Class-J Power Amplifier Implementation for Ultrasound Device Applications

A Class-J Power Amplifier Implementation for Ultrasound Device Applications

Wide Bandwidth Class-S Power Amplifiers for Ultrasonic Devices

Automatic Resonance-Frequency Tuning and Tracking Technique for a 1MHz Ultrasonic-Piezoelectric-Transducer Driving Circuit in Medical Therapeutic Applications Using dsPIC Microcontroller and PLL Techniques

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