Drivers on The Halophytes' Rhizosphere Bacteria Community and Functions in North China Salinized Areas

Abstract

Soil salinity is a serious environmental issue in arid China. Soil bacteria play a fundamental role in soil systems and respond rapidly to environmental changes. However, the responses of soil bacterial community to the different halophytes remains poorly understood. We investigated rhizosphere soil bacterial community changes under different halophytes in north China using high-throughput sequencing. Three typical halophytes were Leymus chinensis (LC), Puccinellia tenuiflora (PT), Suaeda glauca (SG). The dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi across three halophytic vegetation. These bacteria have important assistance for halophytes adapt to saline soil. PICRUSt forecasts demonstrated that energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism are main bacterial functions in halophyte vegetation soil, and the abundance of metabolism these bacterial functions in SG was significantly higher than that in LC and PT. The pH value of different halophyte rhizosphere soils has a more significant effect on bacterial diversity than EC and soil trophic status, and soil water content (SWC) was important effect factors leading to differences in bacterial functions. These results give us a deeper understanding of the diversity and functional differences of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities in the typical halophytic vegetation of northern China.

Insight into bacterial and archaeal community structure of Suaeda altissima and Suaeda dendroides rhizosphere in response to different salinity level

“…Such growth would result in higher microbial abundance but concomitantly decrease microbial diversity due to enrichment of a few community members ( 40 ). Previous studies have shown that besides soil salinity, pH is also a factor affecting the formation of bacterial and archaeal communities in halophytes rhizosphere ( 41 , 42 ). This is consisted with our results; we found that soil pH, Na + , EC have a strong correlation with the diversity and richness of microbial communities (Table S4B).…”

“…We found that Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria were the domain phyla in all samples. Previous research has shown that these bacteria are prevalent in soils affected by salinity and drought, as well as in the rhizosphere or endophytic flora of halophytes such as Salcomia rubra, Leymus chinensis , Suaeda glauca , and Glaux maritima ( 42 , 50 , 51 ). Actinobacteriota have been found to promote plant growth by producing antimicrobial compounds and degrading toxic organic compounds in polluted saline environments ( 52 , 53 ).…”