“…Review 1209 2012; Selosse & Martos, 2014;McCormick & Jacquemyn, 2014;Liebel et al, 2015;Hynson et al, 2016). Fungi almost certainly play an important role during periods of vegetative dormancy, a widespread phenomenon where plants, including many orchids, fail to produce any aboveground tissues, but remain physiologically active, during one or more growing seasons (Shefferson et al, 2003(Shefferson et al, , 2011(Shefferson et al, , 2014(Shefferson et al, , 2018Shefferson, 2009). Vegetative dormancy is associated with plant stress, often carbon limitation, and often has negative consequences on survival (Shefferson & Tali, 2007;Gremer et al, 2010Gremer et al, , 2012Shefferson et al, 2018).…”