“…The EPHD of YRB in China is a national and regional development strategy that started in 2019 (Yuan X et al, 2021) [ 5 ], so there are a large number of studies involving the YRB (Jiang et al, 2015; Liu et al, 2022; Shi and Wang, 2021; Wang et al, 2021; Wei et al, 2021; Xu and Song, 2022; Xu et al, 2009; Yuan et al, 2020; Yuan et al, 2022; Zhai et al, 2021; Zhang and Xu, 2022) [ 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Studies of the YRB mainly focused on the ecological environment, water resource, agriculture, climate change, carbon footprint, etc., such as the irrigation water rebound effect in YRB (Xu and Song, 2022) [ 10 ]: the irrigation water rebound effect included four parts, the effect in product income, product substitution, factor income, and the factor substitution. Liu et al (2022) [ 7 ] analyzed the meteorological factors and water requirements of four crops in the YRB from 1971 to 2017, as well as the characteristics in spatio-temporal variation.…”