Drivers of lichen species richness at multiple spatial scales in temperate forests

Nascimbene, Juri; Marini, Lorenzo; Odór, Péter

doi:10.1080/17550874.2012.735715

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In a study conducted in Spain, higher lichen species diversity was recorded [48]. The lichen species diversity is reinforced by the exposure of tree stems to sunlight [79,80]. The findings from previous studies positively support our results in the black pine forests with a mono-species composition.…”

Section: Epiphytic Lichen Species In Black Pine Forestssupporting

confidence: 89%

Factors Influencing Epiphytic Lichen Species Distribution in a Managed Mediterranean Pinus nigra Arnold Forest

et al. 2019

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Lichens have important ecological functions in black pine forests, such as nitrogen fixation and nutrient cycling. Understanding lichen diversity could provide a better understanding of black pine ecosystems. The aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting the composition of lichen communities and their specific diversity in Mediterranean black pine forests. Research was conducted in 48 sampling plots. For the analysis, presence–absence and frequency data of lichen species were used. For stand level analysis, four community composition tables were created. We used bioclimate, topography, stand, and parent rock as variables. A total of 33 epiphytic lichen species were identified in the black pine forests from 282 sampled trees. Indicator lichen species were determined according to geographic region and stand age classes. Hypocenomyce scalaris was found to be an indicator species for old forests. Frequency data were more useful for revealing lichen species composition than presence–absence data. Of the topographic variables, elevation was the most prominent and had the highest explanation ratio for the composition of lichen species with a coefficient of correlation (R2) value of 0.49. Significantly positive (p < 0.001) relationships were found between epiphytic lichen richness and tree crown height, tree height, and bark pH. Our results revealed that to retain the trees in the stands rich in lichen species diversity is recommended in the managed forests.

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Section: Epiphytic Lichen Species In Black Pine Forestssupporting

confidence: 89%

Factors Influencing Epiphytic Lichen Species Distribution in a Managed Mediterranean Pinus nigra Arnold Forest

et al. 2019

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“…Although management favours some species, this gain by no means compensates for the much higher loss it causes. Previous studies have also reported a decrease in lichen species richness related to management intensity [ 12 , 13 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effects of Management on Lichen Species Richness, Ecological Traits and Community Structure in the Rodnei Mountains National Park (Romania)

2015

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Lichens are valuable bio-indicators for evaluating the consequences of human activities that are increasingly changing the earth’s ecosystems. Since a major objective of national parks is the preservation of biodiversity, our aim is to analyse how natural resource management, the availability of lichen substrates and environmental parameters influence lichen diversity in Rodnei Mountains National Park situated in the Eastern Carpathians. Three main types of managed vegetation were investigated: the transhumance systems in alpine meadows, timber exploitation in mixed and pure spruce forests, and the corresponding conserved sites. The data were sampled following a replicated design. For the analysis, we considered not only all lichen species, but also species groups from different substrates such as soil, trees and deadwood. The lichen diversity was described according to species richness, red-list status and substrate-specialist species richness. The variation in species composition was related to the environmental variables. Habitat management was found to negatively influence species richness and alter the lichen community composition, particularly for threatened and substrate-specialist species. It reduced the mean level of threatened species richness by 59%, when all lichen species were considered, and by 81%, when only epiphytic lichens were considered. Management-induced disturbance significantly decreased lichen species richness in forest landscapes with long stand continuity. The diversity patterns of the lichens indicate a loss of species richness and change in species composition in areas where natural resources are still exploited inside the borders of the national park. It is thus imperative for protected areas, in particular old-growth forests and alpine meadows, to receive more protection than they have received in the past to ensure populations of the characteristic species remain viable in the future.

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“…The only other study to explicitly assess environmental drivers of local and regional richness in lichens found little predictive power of any covariate and did not discuss potential linkages across scales (Casanovas et al ., ). Other studies assessing the correlation between local stand‐scale lichen richness and landscape or regional‐scale predictors generally find little effect of large‐scale predictors compared with local environmental predictors (Nascimbene et al ., ; Kiraly et al ., ) or of macroclimate compared with local forest structure (Moning et al ., ; Ellis & Coppins, ). The apparent contradiction between our finding that regional‐scale processes are important for local richness and these previous results stems from a difference in scale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental optimality, not heterogeneity, drives regional and local species richness in lichen epiphytes

Coyle

Hurlbert

2016

Global Ecology and Biogeography

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Aim We evaluate the scale dependence of species richness-environment relationships with a continent-wide analysis of lichen epiphyte communities. Specifically, our goals are to assess: (1) the dependence of local richness on regional processes, (2) whether species richness is primarily influenced by heterogeneity in environmental conditions or the central tendency of those conditions, and (3) whether the relative influence of these different aspects of the environment differs between local communities and regional species pools.Location Forests of the contiguous United States. MethodsWe used variation partitioning and model averaging of linear models to relate macrolichen richness at 1923 forest inventory plots (c. 4000 m 2 ) to measures of environmental heterogeneity and mean conditions at local and regional scales. Data included 17 local environmental variables and 11 regional-scale variables which were obtained from a national forest inventory, herbarium records and several climate data sources. ResultsRegional-scale variables explained more unique variation in local species richness and generally had stronger effects than variables measured locally. However, most variation in local richness was explained jointly by local and regional variables. At both local and regional scales, variables measuring environmental heterogeneity explained little variation in species richness and had weaker effects than variables characterizing mean environmental conditions. Main conclusions Species richness of epiphytic macrolichens is not regulated by environmental heterogeneity locally or regionally and instead tracks large-scale climate gradients of water availability and temperature. Richness in local communities is influenced by processes operating at both regional and local scales, highlighting the importance of determining large-scale drivers of lichen richness across the North American continent. This research demonstrates a general method for comparing the influence of different aspects of the environment on species richness across scales and should be applicable to many different taxonomic groups.

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Drivers of lichen species richness at multiple spatial scales in temperate forests

Abstract: Background: Only few studies analysing lichen diversity have simultaneously considered

Cited by 24 publications

References 45 publications

Factors Influencing Epiphytic Lichen Species Distribution in a Managed Mediterranean Pinus nigra Arnold Forest

Factors Influencing Epiphytic Lichen Species Distribution in a Managed Mediterranean Pinus nigra Arnold Forest

Effects of Management on Lichen Species Richness, Ecological Traits and Community Structure in the Rodnei Mountains National Park (Romania)

Environmental optimality, not heterogeneity, drives regional and local species richness in lichen epiphytes

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