Driverless Cars with Communication System Based On Multiple Access Protocols

Alani, Tasneem A.; Aliesawi, Salah A.

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/1076/1/012039

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A more aggressive algorithm can start transmitting more rapidly and use a larger portion of the medium's available bandwidth. Usually, this comes with a higher chance of colliding with other transmitters [36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicles Communication and Connectivity Using Persistent Carrier Sensing Multiple Access Protocol

2023

IJIES

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This paper investigates the effectiveness of using P-persistent carrier sensing multiple access (P-Persistent CSMA) on vehicular connectivity as vehicles dynamically form temporary communication networks using simulation and mathematical modelling. In the connected and autonomous environment, effective and efficient connectivity between vehicles (V2V) and between vehicles and infrastructure (V2I) is critical. The simulation was performed in MATLAB and included the investigation of the effect of vehicular density, probability value change, and increase in Backoff time, and change in data frame size. The results showed that as vehicular density, probability, and data frame size increased, throughput decreased as data traffic increased, whereas as Backoff time and probability increased, throughput increased. Furthermore, as data size increases with decreasing probability level, channel utilization improves. Based on these findings and the derived mathematical expressions, a proposed dynamic and adaptive model is presented, allowing for maximum throughput while minimizing collisions. This is accomplished by equating four mathematical expressions and substituting them using iteration to achieve a balanced and optimal level of communication channel utilization by dynamically adjusting the three main parameters under consideration as a function of increasing vehicular density (P-Persistent probability level, Backoff time, and data frame length). To achieve such dynamical and adaptive optimization, four mathematical expressions are used. The resulting model is promising and will improve the efficiency of non-adaptive conventional P-Persistent CSMA. The presented work proved to increase the effectiveness of the conventional p-persistent technique using a multi-dimensional parameter correlation, which is more effective than weighted, slotted, or adaptive P-Persistent approaches.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicles Communication and Connectivity Using Persistent Carrier Sensing Multiple Access Protocol

2023

IJIES

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“…The maximum throughput for NP-CSMA can be derived using the semi-Markovian model. Collisions will occur in a shared communication environment, and a contention resolution algorithm is a core in any MAC protocol to resolve contention between communicating nodes [27]- [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Vehicular Communication Using NP-CSMA with Bernoulli-Based Gaussian Interpolation Function

Iskandarani

2024

Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol.

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The objective is to investigate the effectiveness of Gaussian arrival and its effect on vehicular communication compared to Bernoulli's arrival. MATLAB simulation covers three different levels of slot probability: low, medium, and high. The goal behind such simulation is to establish the importance of an adaptive function such as Gaussian interpolation resulting in smoother control of vehicular communication with better channel performance when compared to Bernoulli. This work shows that at low slot probability (Pslot), Gaussian arrival results in a much higher throughput (S) compared to Bernoulli, with a gradual reduction in throughput as Gaussian spread (γ) increases. The decrease in S as γ increases is due to the Gaussian interpolation, which performs control and results in higher channel stability. At mid probability, the simulation and analysis show a convergence between Gaussian results and Bernoulli, with differences in buffered frames (Btotal) as a function of γ. At a high Pslot value, Bernoulli produces higher S than Gaussian, with the closest Gaussian values at γ=2. However, the number of buffered frames using Bernoulli arrival is much higher than Gaussian. The exceedingly high Btotal can result in more collisions, which Gaussian arrival controls very well with a small sacrifice in throughput. The shape function for Bernoulli is shown to be different from Gaussian, except for specific values of γ, where there is a match. The obtained results show the adaptability and smoothness in which Gaussian arrival can optimize channel communication using Non-Persistent CSMA, which enables intelligent vehicular communication.

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Driverless Cars with Communication System Based On Multiple Access Protocols

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

Vehicles Communication and Connectivity Using Persistent Carrier Sensing Multiple Access Protocol

Vehicles Communication and Connectivity Using Persistent Carrier Sensing Multiple Access Protocol

Effectiveness of Vehicular Communication Using NP-CSMA with Bernoulli-Based Gaussian Interpolation Function

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