Driver Injury Risk Variability in Finite Element Reconstructions of Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (CIREN) Frontal Motor Vehicle Crashes

Gaewsky, James P; Weaver, Ashley A.; Koya, Bharath; Stitzel, Joel D.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1061666

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The present studies provide information on the difference in head performance for various seatback positions. The duration of the acceleration peak can be used to predict the appropriate operation of a restrain systems, such as an airbag or seatbelt design [22,34,45,58,60]. Furthermore, present studies constitute the inside of a safe environment for volunteer testing on this matter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are very few papers focusing on the body dynamics of the reclined seat. Different belt performance in terms of restraining an occupant and altered body dynamics can lead to ineffective airbag performance, for instance [57][58][59]. Greater head impact is achieved when submarining occurs, due to greater distance to the airbag [60].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of a Passenger Position Seating on Recline Seat on a Head Injury during a Frontal Crash

Górniak

Matla

Górniak

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Presently, most passive safety tests are performed with a precisely specified seat position and carefully seated ATD (anthropomorphic test device) dummies. Facing the development of autonomous vehicles, as well as the need for safety verification during crashes with various seat positions such research is even more urgently needed. Apart from the numerical environment, the existing testing equipment is not validated to perform such an investigation. For example, ATDs are not validated for nonstandard seatback positions, and the most accurate method of such research is volunteer tests. The study presented here was performed on a sled test rig utilizing a 50cc Hybrid III dummy according to a full factorial experiment. In addition, input factors were selected in order to verify a safe test condition for surrogate testing. The measured value was head acceleration, which was used for calculation of a head injury criterion. What was found was an optimal seat angle −117°—at which the head injury criteria had the lowest represented value. Moreover, preliminary body dynamics showed a danger of whiplash occurrence for occupants in a fully-reclined seat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of a Passenger Position Seating on Recline Seat on a Head Injury during a Frontal Crash

Górniak

Matla

Górniak

et al. 2022

Sensors

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show abstract

“…In the research by ( Arun et al, 2017 ), they used the HBM developed by Global Human Body Model Consortium (GHBMC). However, THUMS was used by ( Golman et al, 2014 ; Gaewsky et al, 2015 ; Jones et al, 2016 ; Ye et al, 2018 ), and ViVA – open source HBM was adopted by ( Östh et al, 2015 ; Östh et al, 2016a ; Östh et al, 2016b ; Östh et al, 2017a ; Östh et al, 2017b ). The latter model was chosen for this study because it was an open source project, and it was a model of 50 th percentile female, for whom there was evidence that they could be more vulnerable during vehicle collisions ( Pintar et al, 2012 ; Kaufman et al, 2013 ; Östh et al, 2017b ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine Injury in Road Barrier Collision–Finite Element Study

Pachocki

Daszkiewicz

Łuczkiewicz

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Literature and field data from CIREN database have shown that lumbar spine injuries occur during car crashes. There are multiple hypotheses regarding how they occur; however, there is no biomechanical explanation for these injuries during collisions with road safety barriers (RSBs). Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the mechanics of vertebral fractures during car collisions with concrete RSBs. The finite element method was used for the numerical simulations. The global model of the car collision with the concrete RSB was created. The lumbar spine kinematics were extracted from the global simulation and then applied as boundary conditions to the detailed lumbar spine model. The results showed that during the collision, the occupant was elevated, and then dropped during the vehicle landing. This resulted in axial compression forces 2.6 kN with flexion bending moments 34.7 and 37.8 Nm in the L2 and L3 vertebrae. It was shown that the bending moment is the result of the longitudinal force on the eccentricity. The lumbar spine index for the L1–L5 section was 2.80, thus indicating a lumbar spine fracture. The minimum principal strain criterion of 7.4% and damage variable indicated L2 and L3 vertebrae and the inferior part of L1, as those potentially prone to fracture. This study found that lumbar spine fractures could occur as a consequence of vehicle landing during a collision with a concrete RSB mostly affecting the L1–L3 lumbar spine section. The fracture was caused by a combination of axial forces and flexion bending moments.

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“…A growing component of these types of analyses includes the use of computational human body surrogates. These simulations can include a variety of models, including rigid body models (Untaroiu et al 2010), anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) (Gaewsky et al 2015), or full human body models (HBMs) . Due to the reduced cost of running these simulations, as well as the large amount data that can be extracted from them, these types of simulations offer a valuable supplement to physical testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Full Body Validation of a 5th Percentile Female Finite Element Model

Davis

Koya

Schap

et al. 2016

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Driver Injury Risk Variability in Finite Element Reconstructions of Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (CIREN) Frontal Motor Vehicle Crashes

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of a Passenger Position Seating on Recline Seat on a Head Injury during a Frontal Crash

Influence of a Passenger Position Seating on Recline Seat on a Head Injury during a Frontal Crash

Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine Injury in Road Barrier Collision–Finite Element Study

Development and Full Body Validation of a 5th Percentile Female Finite Element Model

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