Driven Piles in Fine-Grained Soil-Based Intermediate Geomaterials

Masud, Nafis Bin; Ng, Kam; Wulff, Shaun S.; Johnson, Tyler

doi:10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0001887

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The geotechnical prediction or the SA method for predicting the unit shaft resistances of H-piles in intermediate geomaterials like gravel and mudstone is proposed by Masud et al ( 14 ). The predicted unit shaft resistances q s true¯ in kip per square feet (ksf) for H-piles in gravel and mudstone can be obtained using Equations 2 and 3, respectively:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, these geomaterials cannot be treated as soil during pile design, otherwise pile resistance could be underpredicted ( 13 ). A static analysis (SA) equation was proposed by Masud et al to specifically predict the geomaterial resistance of H-piles driven into these geomaterials ( 14 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Respective ground predicted surfaces are thereafter simulated from these geological predicted surfaces using universal kriging and conditional simulation ( 16 ). Next, previously developed geotechnical predictions based on regional geomaterial type characterization are used to predict the shaft resistance of piles driven in the random field ( 14 , 17–19 ). Finally, the design reliability of the driven piles is assessed through the probability of failure ( p f ) obtained from the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Geological Uncertainty on the Shaft Resistance Prediction and Reliability of Piles Driven in Multi-Layered Geomaterials

Oluwatuyi

Wulff

et al. 2023

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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This study proposes a method to quantify the effect of geological uncertainty on the predicted shaft resistance and the reliability of piles driven into multi-layered geomaterials. Several geological predicted surfaces with different levels of geological uncertainties are simulated through multiple sets of boreholes using the multinomial categorical prediction approach for the spatial Markov chain. As the number of strategically placed boreholes increases, the geological uncertainties decrease. Respective ground predicted surfaces are also simulated from these geological predicted surfaces using universal kriging and conditional simulation. The shaft resistances of the piles driven at the site are estimated for the multiple geomaterials layers using geotechnical prediction equations specified for the geomaterial type. The design reliability for the shaft resistance obtained from the various geological, ground, and geotechnical predictions is thereafter accessed through its probability of failure evaluated using the Monte Carlo simulation. This methodology is applied to the Lemhi River bridge project site in Idaho. The results illustrate the influence of geological uncertainty on the design of piles driven into multi-layered geomaterials and further help in determining an optimal site investigation plan that will improve pile design.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Geological Uncertainty on the Shaft Resistance Prediction and Reliability of Piles Driven in Multi-Layered Geomaterials

Oluwatuyi

Wulff

et al. 2023

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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“…The design and construction of bridge foundations are difficult and challenging due to significant geological variability and a need for standardized definitions of IGM [6]. The lack of dependable design methodologies and measured IGM characteristics hindered reliable prediction of geotechnical resistance of driven piles in IGMs [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Wave Equation Analysis for Piles in Soil-Based Intermediate Geomaterials with LRFD Recommendations and Economic Impact Assessment

Kalauni,

Masud,

et al. 2024

Geotechnics

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The Wave Equation Analysis of Pile Driving (WEAP) has been widely used to determine drivability, predict static resistance, and assure the integrity of piles in soils. Assigning static and dynamic properties of Soil-based Intermediate Geomaterials (S-IGMs) remains a challenge in WEAP, partly attributed to IGMs that act as transition geomaterials between soil and hard rock. Furthermore, reliable static analysis methods for unit resistance predictions are rarely available for driven piles in S-IGMs in the default WEAP method. To alleviate these challenges, this study presents improved WEAP methods for steel piles driven in S-IGMs, including proposed damping parameters and Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) recommendations based on newly developed static analysis methods and the classification of S-IGMs. A back calculation approach is used to generate the appropriate damping parameters for S-IGMs for three distinct subsurface conditions utilizing a database of 34 steel H- and pipe piles. Newly developed WEAP and LRFD procedures are also recommended. Additional independent 22 test pile data are used to compare and evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed WEAP methods with the default WEAP method. Compared with the default WEAP, bearing graph analysis results revealed that the selected proposed WEAP method, on average, reduces the underprediction of pile resistances by 6% and improves the reliability with a 43% reduction in the coefficient of variation (COV). Calibrated resistance factors for the proposed WEAP method increase to as high as 0.75 compared to the current AASHTO recommendation of 0.50. An economic impact assessment reveals that the proposed WEAP method is more efficient than the default WEAP method as the average difference in steel weight for 32 test piles is 0.06 kg/kN, almost close to zero, reducing the construction challenges in the current engineering practice.

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“…A study of the driven pile in IGMs has been carried out recently to differentiate IGMs from the soil and hard rock based on corrected SPT N-values (N 160 ), rock mass rating (RMR), and q u ( 8 ). Another study classified the fine-grained soil-based IGM based on s u >2.7 ksf ( 9 ). The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications ( 10 ) define IGM as a transitional material between soil and rock in relation to strength and compressibility, such as residual soils, glacial tills, or very weak rock.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Static Load Test Systems for Driven Piles in Intermediate GeoMaterials

Masud

Oluwatuyi

et al. 2023

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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The driven pile designs in intermediate geomaterials (IGMs) entail relatively significant levels of uncertainty because of the transitional properties of IGMs between soil and hard rock. The performance and acceptability of driven piles in IGMs are typically evaluated using dynamic load test (DLT) approaches. Even though dynamic techniques have significant technological and financial advantages, a static pile load test (SLT) is required to comprehend the static behavior of driven piles in IGMs. This study presents three distinct SLT systems (independent, integrated, and innovative) that are performed on steel H-piles driven in IGMs in Iowa, Wyoming, and Colorado, respectively. Test pile 2 (TP2) is driven into siltstone in Wyoming, whereas test pile 1 (TP1) and test pile 3 (TP3) are driven into shale in Iowa and Colorado, respectively. DLTs are conducted using Wave Equation Analysis Program (WEAP) and Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA) with a signal-matching analysis utilizing the Case Pile Wave Analysis Program (CAPWAP). The ultimate pile resistances are evaluated using six distinct failure criteria. According to the Davisson criterion, TP1 has the ultimate pile resistance of 305 kips, which is 11% and 2% less than the CAPWAP and WEAP analyses, respectively. For TP2, ultimate pile resistances based on all SLT criteria are higher than that from the DLTs, except for the 5%B criterion with ultimate pile resistance at 7% lower than CAPWAP. It is evident from TP3 that the ultimate resistances acquired from SLTs are higher than the resistances obtained from dynamic analysis.

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Driven Piles in Fine-Grained Soil-Based Intermediate Geomaterials

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of Geological Uncertainty on the Shaft Resistance Prediction and Reliability of Piles Driven in Multi-Layered Geomaterials

Effect of Geological Uncertainty on the Shaft Resistance Prediction and Reliability of Piles Driven in Multi-Layered Geomaterials

Improved Wave Equation Analysis for Piles in Soil-Based Intermediate Geomaterials with LRFD Recommendations and Economic Impact Assessment

Evaluation of Static Load Test Systems for Driven Piles in Intermediate GeoMaterials

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