DRiVE-ing to the Internet: Dynamic Radio for IP services in Vehicular Environments

Xu, Lin; Tönjes, Ralf; Paila, T.; Hansmann, W.; Frank, Matthias; Albrecht, M.

doi:10.1109/lcn.2000.891040

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…El segundo enfoque, denominado asignación dinámica de espectro, fue propuesto por el proyecto europeo DRiVE como se puede consultar en Xu et al (2000). Su objetivo es mejorar la eficiencia del espectro mediante la asignación dinámica utilizando diversas técnicas de explotación de las estadísticas de tráfico espacial y temporal de diferentes servicios.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Dynamic spectrum allocation in new generation wireless networks: an approach to the state of the art

Arroyo¹,

Mogollón²

2021

Publ. investig.

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La contradicción entre la prevista escasez del espectro electromagnético disponible, y la subutilización de los canales de frecuencia asignados, requieren un cambio de paradigma del anacrónico modelo de acceso estático; hacia un modelo de acceso al espectro dinámico, flexible y de alta eficiencia. Con base en lo anterior, en este trabajo de investigación se presenta un estudio y análisis detallado de las diferentes técnicas de acceso dinámico al espectro (DSA, Dymamic Spectrum Access), reconociendo su enorme potencial para mejorar el uso de recursos radio en redes inalámbricas de nueva generación (NGWN, New Generation Wireless Networks) como 5G, Small Cells, redes ultradensas y redes heterogéneas. Se ha establecido que mediante el uso de DSA, la necesidad de espectro para el despliegue de miles de millones de dispositivos de Internet de las Cosas (IoT, Internet of Things) pilar de las comunicaciones 5G se puede reducir drásticamente, debido a la posibilidad de reúso o reciclaje de canales de comunicación libres o licenciados, explotándolos bien sea de manera oportunista y/o simultánea.

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Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Dynamic spectrum allocation in new generation wireless networks: an approach to the state of the art

Arroyo¹,

Mogollón²

2021

Publ. investig.

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“…This model's purpose is to improve the spectrum efficiency by introducing flexibility in the spectral management. This model presents two trends: Spectrum property rights [17], [18] and dynamic spectrum allocation [19].…”

Section: Dynamic Exclusive Use Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second trend was fueled by the European Drive Project [19], and its goal is for spectrum efficiency to be improved by means of a dynamic spectrum assignment, which exploits the spatial and temporal traffic statistics of different services. In other words, for certain points in space and time, only one operator has exclusive rights to the spectrum; however, the identity of the owner and the type of use can be changed.…”

Section: Dynamic Exclusive Use Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal and evaluation of channel assignment algorithms for wireless local area networks with opportunistic spectrum acces capabilities

Novillo Parales

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The growing need for wireless connectivity is pushing the massive adoption and usage of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) based on the IEEE 802.11 standard (Wi-Fi), leading to dense deployments of individual, uncoordinated access points (AP) in highly populated areas. By 2016, over half of the world's Internet traffic is expected to come from WLAN connections, according to the latest Cisco® Visual Networking Index (VNI) Forecast (2011-2016). The proliferation of dense deployments causes high interference levels in the unlicensed bands (i.e. ISM bands) available for WLAN operation, which, ultimately, may result in both an unpredictable degradation in network performance and unfairness among APs. Channel assignment mechanisms are the central tool used nowadays for mitigating the interference problems in the ISM band caused by neighboring APs. However, regardless of the ability of different channel assignment algorithms to improve WLAN performance, the amount of available spectrum in unlicensed bands for WLAN use may still constitute a key limiting factor in high dense deployments. In this context, the exploitation of additional portions of the radio spectrum bands that are assigned to a particular application or service but remain unused or unoccupied at specific locations and times can help to further improve the performance of WLANs networks. This spectrum usage concept is known in the literature as Opportunistic Spectrum Access (OSA), where secondary users are allowed to share the same frequencies used by some primary users whenever these primary services are not disturbed. This thesis work has addressed a novel study for OSA-enabled WLANs in which the possibilities and benefits offered by WLANs using OSA capabilities are discussed and quantified. This thesis provides two main contributions. The first contribution is the development of the formulation and assessment of the spatial availability of a certain spectrum segment within indoor locations in dense urban areas in order for it to be opportunistically reused by WLANs. To this end, the interference conditions between primary and secondary users have been established along with the necessary propagation models accounting for outdoor, indoor and outdoor-to-indoor losses. Considering the service area of a primary system devoted to providing outdoor coverage, the proposed model has been used to compute the percentage of indoor locations where the secondary users can actually reuse the primary frequency band without interfering with the primary system. The second contribution is the proposal, development and evaluation of a set of channel assignment algorithms that allow WLANs to operate on available channels in both unlicensed ISM and OSA-enabled spectrum bands. Unlike the classical schemes for legacy WLANs, the proposed algorithms cope with two distinguishing issues arising in the OSA-enabled WLAN channel assignment problem: channel prioritization and spectrum heterogeneity. To that end, a system model is developed to describe and represent the main components involved in an OSA-enabled WLAN scenario. The model allows setting up a network scenario with primary and secondary systems, determining the list of available primary channels for each WLAN and defining the channel assignment constraints for WLANs. From this basis, the thesis has first formulated the channel assignment problem for OSA-enabled WLANs as a Binary Linear Programming (BLP) problem, which has been optimally solved by means of branch-and bound (BB) algorithms and used as a benchmark. Motivated by the need to have more computationally efficient solutions than that offered by the BB algorithm, a number of centralized and distributed heuristic algorithms have been proposed, encompassing simulated annealing (SA) techniques and the construction of minimum spanning tree (MST) graphs to reduce the level of coupling between neighboring APs. The algorithms have been evaluated under different conditions of AP density and spectrum availability and compared to the optimal solution as well as classical algorithms proposed for legacy WLANs.

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“…• Dynamic spectrum allocation [10,11]. This approach was first brought forth by the European DRiVE (Dynamic Radio for IP-Services in Vehicular Environments) project.…”

Section: Dynamic Exclusive Use Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution to spectrum management in cognitive radio networks: a cognitive management framework

Bouali

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To overcome the current under-utilization of spectrum resources, the CR (Cognitive Radio) paradigm has gained an increasing interest to perform the so-called Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA). In this respect, Cognitive Radio networks (CRNs) have been strengthened with cognitive management support to push forward their deployment and commercialization. This dissertation has assessed the relevance of exploiting several cognitive management functionalities in various scenarios and case studies. Specifically, this dissertation has constructed a generic cognitive management framework, based on the fittingness factor concept, to support spectrum management in CRNs. Under this framework, the dissertation has addressed two of the most promising CR applications, namely an Opportunistic Spectrum Access (OSA) to licensed bands and open sharing of license-exempt bands. In the former application, several strategies that exploit temporal statistical dependence between primary activity/inactivity durations to perform a proactive spectrum selection have been discussed. A set of guidelines to select the most relevant strategy for a given environment have been provided. In the latter application, a fittingness factor-based spectrum selection strategy has been proposed to efficiency exploit the different bands. Several formulations of the fittingness factor have been compared, and their relevance have been assessed under different settings. Drawing inspiration from these applications, a more general proactive strategy exploiting a characterization of spectrum resources at both the time and frequency domains has been developed to jointly assist spectrum selection (SS) and spectrum mobility (SM) functionalities. Several variants of the proposed strategy, each combining different choices and options of implementation, have been compared to identify which of its components have the most significant impact on performance depending on the working conditions of the CRN. To assess rationality of the proposed strategy with respect to other strategies, a cost-benefit analysis has been conducted to confront the introduced gain in terms of user satisfaction level to the incurred cost in terms of signaling amount. Finally, the dissertation has conducted an analysis of practicality aspects in terms of robustness to environment uncertainty and applicability to realistic environments. With respect to the former aspect, robustness has been assessed in front of two sources of uncertainty, namely imperfection of the acquisition process and non-stationarity of the environment, and additional functionalities have been developed, when needed, to improve robustness. With respect to the latter, the proposed framework has been applied to a Digital Home (DH) environment to validate the obtained key findings under realistic conditions.

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DRiVE-ing to the Internet: Dynamic Radio for IP services in Vehicular Environments

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Dynamic spectrum allocation in new generation wireless networks: an approach to the state of the art

Dynamic spectrum allocation in new generation wireless networks: an approach to the state of the art

Proposal and evaluation of channel assignment algorithms for wireless local area networks with opportunistic spectrum acces capabilities

Contribution to spectrum management in cognitive radio networks: a cognitive management framework

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