Drinking water to reduce alcohol craving? A randomized controlled study on the impact of ghrelin in mediating the effects of forced water intake in alcohol addiction

Koopmann, Anne; Lippmann, Katharina; Schuster, Rilana; Reinhard, Iris; Bach, Patrick; Weil, Georg; Rietschel, Marcella; Witt, Stephanie H.; Wiedemann, Klaus; Kiefer, Falk

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.08.005

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…; Koopmann et al . ). In a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled human laboratory study in nontreatment‐seeking, heavy‐drinking, alcohol‐dependent individuals, Leggio et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Ghrelin modulates mesolimbic reactivity to alcohol cues in alcohol‐addicted subjects: a functional imaging study

et al. 2018

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Ghrelin has been shown to be involved in the pathophysiology of alcohol dependence, affecting alcohol self-administration and craving. However, the mechanism of action in alcohol dependence still has to be determined. We thus investigated whether ghrelin is associated with mesolimbic cue reactivity to alcohol cues and alcohol craving in recently detoxified alcohol-addicted subjects. We included 41 recently detoxified alcohol-dependent individuals. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to study mesolimbic cue reactivity during the presentation of alcohol-related pictures. Additionally, we assessed patients' alcohol craving using the Alcohol Urge Questionnaire and a visual analogue scale. Plasma concentrations of total and acylated (activated) ghrelin were measured in parallel to the fMRI session. The association between ghrelin plasma concentrations, mesolimbic cue reactivity and alcohol craving was assessed by performing correlation and mediation analyses. Alcohol-induced brain response in a network of brain clusters, including the right and left ventral striatum, showed a significant positive association with acylated ghrelin plasma concentration. Additionally, acylated ghrelin was significantly associated with craving. Mediation analyses showed that the association between acylated ghrelin plasma concentration and alcohol craving is mediated by a cue-induced brain response in the ventral striatum. Based on the finding that ghrelin modulates mesolimbic reactivity to alcohol cues, the following should be considered: If alcohol craving and the appetitive status were interrelated, this has to be taken into account when implementing fMRI studies for addictive disorders. Moreover, appetite regulation seems to represent a valid treatment target for reducing cue reactivity in addictive disorders.

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“…; Koopmann et al . ). In a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled human laboratory study in nontreatment‐seeking, heavy‐drinking, alcohol‐dependent individuals, Leggio et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…(), in a very recent randomized clinical study, we found that a modulation in the ghrelin system by inducing distention of the stomach via acute oral water intake (1000 ml still mineral water in 10 minutes) reduces craving in male patients suffering from alcohol dependence during early abstinence (Koopmann et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ghrelin modulates mesolimbic reactivity to alcohol cues in alcohol‐addicted subjects: a functional imaging study

et al. 2018

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“…To achieve this aim, ghrelin and insulin plasma concentrations can physiologically be affected by the ingestion of foods or a solution containing glucose as examined in the present trial. Alternative ways of physiologically influencing these plasma concentrations are gastric distension [39] and lipid intake [40], which are particularly relevant if there are contraindications to glucose intake (e.g., a disorder of glucose metabolism such as diabetes mellitus). A randomized clinical preliminary study proves that forced oral water intake (1000 ml in 10 min) leads to gastric distension, following decreased acetylated ghrelin plasma levels and therefore a reduction of subjective alcohol craving during early alcohol abstinence in patients suffering an alcohol dependence [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternative ways of physiologically influencing these plasma concentrations are gastric distension [39] and lipid intake [40], which are particularly relevant if there are contraindications to glucose intake (e.g., a disorder of glucose metabolism such as diabetes mellitus). A randomized clinical preliminary study proves that forced oral water intake (1000 ml in 10 min) leads to gastric distension, following decreased acetylated ghrelin plasma levels and therefore a reduction of subjective alcohol craving during early alcohol abstinence in patients suffering an alcohol dependence [39]. Following these promising results, the present paper describes the study protocol and presents the methods of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study, investigating the effects of a forced oral glucose intake on subjective craving and mesolimbic cue reactivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

G-CuP: the effect of a forced oral glucose intake on alcohol craving and mesolimbic cue reactivity in alcohol dependence—study protocol of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study

Wetzel

Pourbaix

Riegler

et al. 2022

Trials

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Background Multiple studies indicate that a lower plasma level of the acetylated form of the appetite-regulating hormone ghrelin and higher plasma levels of insulin lead to a reduction in subjective alcohol craving and a reduced mesolimbic cue reactivity in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) when being exposed to alcohol-associated stimuli. The ghrelin level can physiologically be reduced by the induction of stomach distension and the ingestion of glucose or lipids. Methods A total of 108 alcohol-dependent patients aged between 18 and 65 years are examined in the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. After collecting demographic and psychometric data, participants take part in an alcohol exposure session. Afterwards, the participants go through the intervention condition (oral glucose intake) and the control condition (placebo intake) in a randomized order on two examination days. Blood samples are taken repeatedly (every 10 min) during the study course on both measuring days to determine changes in acetylated and total ghrelin and insulin plasma levels. In parallel, subjective alcohol craving after the glucose or placebo intake as the primary outcome is assessed using the Alcohol Urge Questionnaire (AUQ) and a visual analog scale (VAS). To examine the mesolimbic cue reactivity as the secondary outcome, a fMRI measurement is conducted while being exposed to alcohol-related stimuli. Appropriate statistical analysis will be used for the evaluation of the outcomes. Discussion If successful, the results of this study could offer alcohol-dependent patients a new potential option for acute short-term reduction of alcohol craving and thus prevent relapses and prolong periods of abstinence in the long term. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00022419 (UTN: U1111-1278-9428). Retrospectively registered on September 15, 2020.

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“…Außerdem war die Veränderung der Aktivierung in der Amygdala und im orbitofrontalen Kortex signifikant mit dem subjektiven Hungergefühl der Probanden korreliert. Darüber hinaus konnte gezeigt werden, dass die schnelle Aufnahme einer großen Menge Flüssigkeit sowohl zu einer Reduktion des acetylierten Ghrelins als auch des Alkoholcravings führt [81]. Hohe Ghrelinplasmaspiegel, die gleichzeitig Surrogat sind für einen leeren Magen und eine negative Energiebilanz, scheinen also Alkoholcraving und Alkoholkonsum zu begünstigen.…”

Section: Appetitregulierende Peptideunclassified

Sucht und Adipositas: Können Nahrungsmittel abhängig machen?

Bumb

Weber²,

Kiefer

2018

Suchttherapie

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ZusammenfassungDie weltweite Prävalenz von Übergewicht und Adipositas nimmt in den letzten Jahren sowohl bei Kindern und Jugendlichen als auch bei Erwachsenen stetig zu. Hiermit verbunden sind zahlreiche Folgeerkrankungen, die zu einer reduzierten Lebensqualität, einer reduzierten Lebenserwartung und hohen direkten und indirekten Gesundheitskosten führen. Ein zentraler Aspekt der aktuellen Forschung beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, ob abhängige Verhaltensweisen im Zusammenhang mit dem derzeit bestehenden Überangebot an billiger, „schmackhafter“ (hoher Anteil an Zucker, Fett, Salz oder an Lebensmittelzusatzstoffen wie Geschmacksverstärkern) Nahrung zur steigenden Prävalenz der Adipositas beitragen könnten. Eine Verbesserung des Verständnisses der Wirkung bestimmter Nahrungsbestandteile auf Prozesse von Präferenz und Verhaltenssteuerung birgt die Hoffnung, neue und effizientere Therapieformen entwickeln zu können. Um diesen aktuellen Sachverhalt näher zu beleuchten, führten die Autoren eine selektive PubMed Recherche zu den Themen „obesity AND addiction“ durch. Aus der Literaturrecherche ergeben sich Hinweise für Gemeinsamkeiten in Prozessen und Regelkreisläufen, die sowohl bei der Entstehung und der Aufrechterhaltung der Adipositas als auch von Abhängigkeitserkrankungen eine Rolle spielen. Konkret sind hier phänomenologische und klinische, neuroendokrinologische und bildgebende Aspekte sowie Gemeinsamkeiten, bestimmte Transmittersysteme betreffend, zu nennen. Bei der Ergänzung der etablierten und der Entwicklung zukünftiger, innovativer und multi-modaler Therapieansätze sollten Suchtmechanismen und motivationale Aspekte der Nahrungsaufnahme bei der Behandlung der Adipositas daher Beachtung finden.

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Drinking water to reduce alcohol craving? A randomized controlled study on the impact of ghrelin in mediating the effects of forced water intake in alcohol addiction

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Ghrelin modulates mesolimbic reactivity to alcohol cues in alcohol‐addicted subjects: a functional imaging study

Ghrelin modulates mesolimbic reactivity to alcohol cues in alcohol‐addicted subjects: a functional imaging study

G-CuP: the effect of a forced oral glucose intake on alcohol craving and mesolimbic cue reactivity in alcohol dependence—study protocol of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study

Sucht und Adipositas: Können Nahrungsmittel abhängig machen?

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