Drinking water contaminants from epoxy resin-coated pipes: A field study

Is bisphenol A an environmental obesogen?

“…Bisphenol A can also be released from epoxy resin lining of pipes leading to an increase of BPA levels in drinking water . Consequently, BPA has been found in drinking water at concentrations ranging from 0.014 to 0.317 μg/L and in water bottles at concentrations from 0.07 to 4.21 μg/L .…”

A multidisciplinary investigation of the technical and environmental performances of TAML/peroxide elimination of Bisphenol A compounds from water

“…140,177,[179][180][181][182] Given the myriad of products into which 1a is incorporated or contaminates, and the known sublingual, oral and dermal routes of exposure, other less-discussed sources likely also contribute to human blood concentrations of 1a. While not directly proven to raise blood concentrations of 1a, it is reasonable to expect additional exposures from, inter alia, indoor and outdoor air, [183][184][185][186] indoor dust, [183][184][185][187][188][189] 5 gallon water carboys, 157 polyethylene tetraphthalate 13,132,190 and polycarbonate water bottles, 129 drinking water generators 52 and pipes, 51 water main 55 and tap 131 filters, fungicides, 54,55,59 randomly selected fresh foods including fresh cherries, courgettes, eggplants, medlars, oranges, peaches, peppers, and tomatoes, 191 white clams, crabs, blood cockles, fish, prawn, and squid, 111 buns, flour, hard cheese, minced meat, sausages, hamburgers, sliced salami and turkey, and frozen pizza in plastic packaging, bread in plastic or paper packaging, liver paté in plastic packaging with metal foil, fish pudding in plastic or paper packaging, caviar spread in a metal tube, jam in glass jars with metal or plastic screw caps, whole eggs packaged in cardboard, 166 honey packaged in glass or plastic that was imported in epoxy-lined metal drums, 192 baby food products in glass 193 and high-density polyethylene plastic 168 jars 52 with metal lids, solid 185 and liquid foods served at day care centers, 183,…”

“…47 About 95% of the 1a produced is incorporated into BPA polycarbonate plastic and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) epoxy resins 48 (Fig. 1), including those used to line food and water containers such as metal cans, 49,50 metal and concrete drinking water pipes 51,52 and residential water storage tanks. 52,53 BPA is also added to phenoxy, 54 polyacrylate, 55,56 polyarylate, 57,58 polyetherimide, 58 polyester, 55,56,58,59 polyesterstyrene, 55 and polysulfone 54,56,58,59 plastic and resins, 54 and rubber, polyethylene tetraphthalate, 13,54,55,59 and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products where it can function as a stabilizer, 54,60,61 antioxidant 62,63 or inhibitor of end polymerization.…”

Early maturation and liver necrosis in the fingerling stage of Oreochromis mossambicus due to BPA can cause an ecological imbalance

“…Bisphenol-A is usually present in low-quality plastics and leaches when these plastics are in contact with water. 14,15 Plastic industry discharge units are considerable sources of BPA, causing environmental pollution. Different kinetic parameters have revealed that BPA competes with estrogen for its receptor even at a micromolar level and causes grave consequences.…”