Drinking and driving in the United States: The 1996 national roadside survey

Voas, Robert B.; Wells, Joann K.; Lestina, Diane C.; Williams, Allan F.; Greene, Michael

doi:10.1016/s0001-4575(97)00066-3

Cited by 95 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…A amostra do presente estudo teve predominância do sexo masculino e idade entre 18 e 30 anos, com média de idade de 31 anos. Estudos com metodologia similar têm apresentado essas mesmas características dos condutores nas noites dos ns de semana 13,14 . Além disso, os indivíduos da população em estudo tinham bom nível de educação e renda.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Este estudo foi transversal e baseou-se na metodologia de sobriety checkpoints (postos de scalização de sobriedade), utilizada em pesquisas realizadas nos Estados Unidos, Canadá, Austrália e outros países [11][12][13] . Basicamente, estabeleceram-se postos de scalização em vias públicas consideradas estratégicas, de tráfego mais intenso, quando então foi realizado o levantamento de dados com a aplicação do teste do bafômetro.…”

Section: Seleção Do Local Da Pesquisaunclassified

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Beber e dirigir: características de condutores com bafômetro positivo

Campos¹,

Salgado²,

Rocha³

et al. 2012

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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Contexto:O beber e dirigir não foi su cientemente estudado no Brasil até agora. Objetivo: Apresentar dados do primeiro levantamento sobre o comportamento do beber e dirigir de um estado do Brasil. Método: Foram conduzidas 1.799 entrevistas anônimas com motoristas em postos de checagem de sobriedade em 10 cidades, representando as 10 regiões geográ cas do estado de Minas Gerais. Desses motoristas, 1.209 (67,2%) responderam a um questionário estruturado e aceitaram o teste do bafômetro. Resultados: Vinte por cento dos motoristas estavam dirigindo com níveis de alcoolemia acima do limite legal. A análise de regressão logística, controlada por sexo, foi utilizada para predizer bafômetro positivo. Essa análise mostrou chance aumentada de bafômetro positivo para condutor com idade acima de 31 anos que tem frequência de consumo de álcool de, pelo menos, um a dois dias na semana e para quem não usa o cinto de segurança. Conclusão: Estudos localizados com metodologia similares realizados em postos de checagem da sobriedade podem monitorar o comportamento dos condutores e os riscos no trânsito e direcionar políticas públicas sobre o beber e dirigir. AbstractContext: Drinking and driving has not been adequately studied in Brazil so far. Objective: e present study presents data from the rst survey on drinking and driving behavior in a Brazilian state. Method: One thousand seven hundred ninety-nine anonymous interviews were conducted with drivers at sobriety checkpoints in ten cities representing the ten geographic regions of the state of Minas Gerais. Of those drivers, 1,209 (67.2%) responded to a subsequent structured questionnaire and agreed to take a breathalyzer test. Results: Twenty percent of the drivers were driving with blood alcohol levels over the legal limit. Logistic regression analysis, controlled by sex, was used to predict positive breathalyzer test. Drivers over the age of 31 years with an alcohol consumption frequency of at least 1-2 days per week, who were not using seat belts, showed an increased probability of positive breathalyzer test. Discussion: Studies with a similar methodology conducted in sobriety checkpoints can monitor the behavior of drivers and risks in tra c, and direct public policy on drinking and driving. IntroduçãoPesquisas no mundo inteiro mostram que acidentes de trânsito, com vítimas fatais, são causados por indivíduos que dirigem após o consumo de álcool 1,2 . Estudo nos Estados Unidos sobre a epidemiologia e as consequências do beber e dirigir aponta que os acidentes fatais ocorrem no período das 18 às 6 horas da manhã das noites dos ns de semana, com risco aumentado para os condutores do sexo masculino com idade entre 22 e 45 anos, com problemas de alcoolismo, com condenação por beber e dirigir e que não usam cinto de segurança 3 .O problema do beber e dirigir levou diversos países desenvolvidos a adotarem, com sucesso, medidas para redução da morbimortalidade no trânsito, tais como: obrigatoriedade do uso de equipamentos de segurança (cinto de segurança e capacete), cuidados no ...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Section: Seleção Do Local Da Pesquisaunclassified

Beber e dirigir: características de condutores com bafômetro positivo

Campos¹,

Salgado²,

Rocha³

et al. 2012

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) show that alcohol involvement in fatal road accidents has been decreasing in the United States in the last years [16][17][18], although in certain studies alcohol has been often found (46%) [19]. High figures have also been recorded for Canada (48%) [20], whereas in Australia figures are lower (36%) [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol use among fatally injured drivers in Spain

Rio

Álvarez

1999

Forensic Science International

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Blood from 285 fatally injured drivers in Northern Spain was collected and tested for the presence of alcohol and drugs. Alcohol was detected in 50.5% of all fatalities. Alcohol alone was detected in 44.2% of all samples and in the remaining 6.3% another substance was found together with alcohol. Blood alcohol concentration was classified in different levels. It has been observed that in 35.4% of the cases the blood alcohol level was$0.8 g / l, the legal limit in Spain for car drivers. Alcohol together with other substances was encountered in 18 cases, with medication in 22.2% (4 out of 18), alcohol with illegal drugs in 66.6% of the cases (12 out of 18), and alcohol with medicines and illegal drugs in 11.1% (2 out of 18). Cocaine was the most commonly detected drug. The study shows how widespread the incidence of a high level of alcohol concentration among drivers involved in fatal accidents in Spain.

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“…Alcohol has been frequently detected in Italy (49.0%) [17], in France (45:7% > 0:7 g/l) [18] and in Belgium (28% over 0.49 g/l) [19], whilst figures for the Nordic countries (Sweden: 27% [20] and 20.3% [21], Norway: 28.3% [22]) are considerably lower, perhaps as a result of the fact that in these countries there exists a very strict policy with regard to drinking and driving. High figures have also been recorded for Canada (48%) [23] and some areas of the USA (46%) [24][25][26][27], whereas in Australia figures are lower (36%) [28]. Decreasing trends for drinking and driving have been observed in some industrialised countries like the USA [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol, illicit drugs and medicinal drugs in fatally injured drivers in Spain between 1991and 2000

Rio

Gómez

Sancho

et al. 2002

Forensic Science International

101

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The aim of this study was to assess the presence of alcohol, illicit drugs and medicinal drugs among Spanish drivers involved in fatal road accidents between 1991 and 2000. Samples were obtained for 5745 drivers killed in road accidents from January 1991 to December 2000. Of the samples, 91.7% represented males and 8.3% females; 40.7% were under 30 years of age, 31.9% were under 31-50 years of age, 19.5% were over 51 years of age, and for 7.9% the age was unknown. Between 1991 and 2000, some type of psychoactive substance was detected among 50.1% of those drivers killed in road accidents, this being mainly alcohol (43.8%) and, less frequently, illicit drugs (8.8%) and medicinal drugs (4.7%). In all the cases, in which alcohol was detected, combined use with other substances accounted for only 12.5%, whilst in the case of illicit and medicinal drugs, figures representing combined use with other substances were 75.6% for the former and 65.8% for the latter. For one in every three cases (32.0%), a blood alcohol level over 0.8 g/l was recorded; cocaine (5.2%), opiates (3.2%) and cannabis (2.2%) were the three illicit drugs most frequently detected. Among medicinal drugs, were benzodiazepines (3.4%), anti-depressant drugs (0.6%) and analgesics (0.4%). The results show the frequent presence of psychoactive substances, particularly alcohol, among Spanish motor vehicle users involved in fatal road accidents. It should be pointed out that illicit and medicinal drugs in combination with other substances were a common feature. #

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Drinking and driving in the United States: The 1996 national roadside survey

Cited by 95 publications

References 4 publications

Beber e dirigir: características de condutores com bafômetro positivo

Beber e dirigir: características de condutores com bafômetro positivo

Alcohol use among fatally injured drivers in Spain

Alcohol, illicit drugs and medicinal drugs in fatally injured drivers in Spain between 1991and 2000

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