Drilling Into Faults Quickly After Earthquakes

Brodsky, Emily E.; Mori, Jim; Fulton, P. M.

doi:10.1029/2010eo270001

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…By substituting individual appropriate values to , c and α, and by measuringΔT and u, the mean shear stress τ can be calculated for certain x and t conditions. Equation 11is employed for the case of temperature anomaly measurement across the fault zone by drilling into the fault soon after the earthquake (Brodsky et al, 2010).…”

Section: Frictional Heating Of Wall Rocks By Fault Motionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochronological investigation of fault zones

Tagami

2012

Tectonophysics

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The timing of faulting episodes can be constrained by radiometric dating of fault-zone rocks. Fault-zone material suitable for dating is produced by tectonic processes, such as (1) fragmentation of host rocks, followed by grain-size reduction and recrystallization to form mica and clay minerals, (2) secondary heating/melting of host rocks by frictional fault motions, and (3) mineral vein formation as a result of fluid advection associated with the fault motions. The thermal regime of fault zones consists primarily of the

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Section: Frictional Heating Of Wall Rocks By Fault Motionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochronological investigation of fault zones

Tagami

2012

Tectonophysics

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“…Quantitative assessment of heat generation along a fault during coseismic faulting is of primary importance in understanding the dynamics of earthquakes [e.g., Brodsky et al , 2010]. Evidence of substantial frictional heating along a fault is also a reliable indicator determining whether a fault has slipped at high velocity in the past, which is crucial for assessing earthquake and tsunami hazard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coal maturation by frictional heat during rapid fault slip

Kitamura

Mukoyoshi

Fulton

et al. 2012

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] The detection of frictional heating effects along faults provides key insight into the dynamics of earthquakes and faulting. Thermal maturity of organic matter has been considered a possible fault-thermometer that records the frictional heat signature of ancient earthquakes. However, whether or not organic matter can mature on the order of seconds, typical earthquake rise time, remains uncertain. Here we present the results of experiments aimed at revealing coal maturation by frictional heat generated at slip velocities representative of natural earthquakes of up to 1.3 m/s. Our results show that coal can mature coseismically in $11 seconds at temperatures induced by frictional heat ranging from 26 to 266 C. Even with a temperature rise to only 28.7 C over 15 m displacement in $3.2 hours, coal can slightly mature within a shear localized zone. The commonly used kinetic model of vitrinite maturation cannot predict the experimental results. A kinetic model involving the effect of flash temperature at grain contacts and mechanochemical effects on reaction kinetics is necessary to better estimate heat generation along a fault. Citation: Kitamura, M., H. Mukoyoshi, P. M. Fulton, and T. Hirose (2012), Coal maturation by frictional heat during rapid fault slip, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L16302,

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“…Numerous geological and geophysical studies investigate the rheological/mechanical behavior of faults with respect to earthquake nucleation and the role of fluids in fault weakening (e.g., Brodsky et al, 2010;Chester and Logan, 1986;Evans and Chester, 1995;Fagereng et al, 2010;Fulton et al, 2009;Schulz and Evans, 2000). In this context, fault-related veins play a key role in understanding faulting processes and the analysis of veins has emerged as a useful tool to study the behavior of faults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%