Drill Holes in Shells of Permian Benthic Invertebrates

Kowalewski, Michałtrok; Simões, Marcello Guimarães; Torello, Fernanda F.; Mello, Luiz Henrique Cruz de; Ghilardi, Renato Pirani

doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<0532:dhisop>2.0.co;2

Cited by 50 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Measurements of photographs of specimens can introduce a bias because distortions can occur at any stage in the photographic process. However previous research suggests that this bias is negligible for small specimens (Kowalewski et al 2000) and invariant across a wide range of shapes and sizes (Sime & Ferguson 2003). Furthermore, specimens figured in photographic illustrations represent a biased sample with respect to the actual size distribution of the population from which they were chosen, but this bias is also invariant across a wide range of species and environments (Krause et al 2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evolutionary and ecological patterns in body size, shape, and ornamentation in the Jurassic bivalve Chlamys (Chlamys) textoria (Schlotheim, 1820)

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Changes in body size have been the subject of numerous palaeontological and neontological studies, but despite several general postulated "rules", the underlying processes controlling them are still incompletely understood, and their broad applicability is debated. Here we utilise morphological and ecological data from the Jurassic marine bivalve Chlamys textoria (Schlotheim, 1820) to analyse spatial and temporal trends in body size and ornamentation. We find: (1) fluctuations in body size during the Jurassic and no support for Cope's rule (the tendency to increase body size over geological time within an individual lineage); (2) a gradual increase in the average height to length ratio of the valves during the Jurassic. In the absence of any obvious adaptive advantage we suggest genetic drift as the causal mechanism; (3) a significantly larger mean body size in mid-palaeolatitudes than in the Jurassic tropics, providing evidence for the validity of Bergmann's rule (the assertion that body mass increases with latitude); and (4) a complex relationship between the number of plicae and the environment, which we explain as an improvement towards camouflaging the shell. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmng.201200002" target="_blank">10.1002/mmng.201200002</a>

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evolutionary and ecological patterns in body size, shape, and ornamentation in the Jurassic bivalve Chlamys (Chlamys) textoria (Schlotheim, 1820)

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Museum surveys may introduce bias as a result of preferential selection for quality, size, or certain characteristics by curators (Walker, 1989). Monograph surveys have limited opportunities for measurements and must be used with caution due to the chance for bias in the selection of material shown in the monograph (Kowalewski et al, 2000). Outcrop surveys are generally uncontrolled and are reliant upon the sampler's experience, which may vary among researchers.…”

Section: Validation Of Targeted Sampling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of taxon-specific sampling by novice collectors for studying drilling predation in fossil bivalves

Hattori

Kelley

Dietl

et al. 2014

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Kowalewski et al (2000) studied predatory drill hole size in Permian brachiopods and showed that photographic distortion introduces negligible error even when measuring items less than a millimeter in diameter. Studies conducted on grain size distributions in coarse sediment samples (Ibbeken and Schleyer, 1986;McEwan et al, 2000;Butler et al, 2001;Sime and Ferguson, 2003) found a significant difference between grain-size distributions taken from photographs and those taken from direct grain measurement of the same sample.…”

Section: Types Of Photographic Bias Apparent Versus Actual Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Body Size Estimates From the Literature: Utility and Potential for Macroevolutionary Studies

Krause¹,

Stempien²,

Kowalewski³

et al. 2007

PALAIOS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Images in the monographic literature represent an important but relatively untapped resource for paleontologists. In particular, they could provide vast amounts of body size data. It is possible, however, that images of specimens represent a biased sample of the fossil record. Thus, the quality of these data must be assessed before body size estimates from the literature can be used in analyses.Two complementary datasets were constructed for a group of bivalve and brachiopod species from the Paleozoic and the Cenozoic. The monograph dataset consisted of length measurements taken from all unique images of a species in a monograph. The counterpart bulk dataset consisted of comparable measurements taken from a set (n Ͼ 10) of bulk-collected specimens of the same species acquired from the same locality as those figured in the monograph. These paired datasets were used to assess the quality of monographic data.Bias direction and magnitude were assessed by using the bulk sample of a species as an estimate of its underlying size-frequency distribution. Bias was estimated for each monographed specimen by calculating its percentile-value in relation to the size-frequency distribution for that species. All species groups had mean values within the 70th to 85th percentile range, indicating a significant bias toward monograph specimens that are larger than the mean of the bulk sample. The consistency of bias was evaluated by comparing the monograph sample mean to the bulk sample mean for each species. When compared in bivariate scatter plots, all species groups yielded significant regression lines with slopes near unity, indicating highly consistent, yet predictable, bias in each case. This trend persisted when the data were grouped taxonomically, geographically, or by year of monograph publication.These results indicate that size measurements of monographed specimens of bivalves and brachiopods consistently record similar size classes for most species. This bias is easy to remove and doing so renders size data from images in monographs useful for macroevolutionary studies of body size.

show abstract

Drill Holes in Shells of Permian Benthic Invertebrates

Cited by 50 publications

References 40 publications

Evolutionary and ecological patterns in body size, shape, and ornamentation in the Jurassic bivalve <i>Chlamys (Chlamys) textoria</i> (Schlotheim, 1820)

Evolutionary and ecological patterns in body size, shape, and ornamentation in the Jurassic bivalve <i>Chlamys (Chlamys) textoria</i> (Schlotheim, 1820)

Validation of taxon-specific sampling by novice collectors for studying drilling predation in fossil bivalves

Body Size Estimates From the Literature: Utility and Potential for Macroevolutionary Studies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About