Drifting Ionospheric Scintillation Simulation for L-Band Geosynchronous SAR

Tang, Feixiang; Ji, Yifei; Zhang, Yongsheng; Dong, Zhen; Wang, Zhaokai; Zhang, Qingjun; Zhao, Bingji; Gao, Heli

doi:10.1109/jstars.2023.3330752

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The Earth's ionosphere spans from 60 to 2000 km, aligning with the operational orbit altitudes of all current spaceborne SAR systems. Consequently, echo emission and reception by spaceborne SAR necessitate passage through the ionosphere [3].…”

Section: Spaceborne Vhr Sar Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S YNTHETIC aperture radar (SAR) has the unique ability to provide 2-D high-resolution images independent of daylight and weather conditions. Thus, it is an efficient tool in remote sensing, geoscience, surveillance, and other fields [1]- [3]. Throughout the development of SAR, obtaining high-resolution images has consistently been the primary focus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Very High Resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar Systems and Imaging: A Review

Chen,

Dong,

Zhang

et al. 2024

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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Given its capacity to generate 2-D fine images of observation areas, very high-resolution (VHR) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has become increasingly popular in myriad fields, including remote sensing, geoscience, and surveillance. In this article, we present a comprehensive overview of VHR SAR systems and imaging to highlight the related research and promote further development. First, we provide a summary of VHR SAR applications and summarize the typical airborne and spaceborne systems. Subsequently, a detailed overview is provided to demonstrate the range VHR technologies by introducing dechirp processing, stepped-frequency, and microwave photonic. Additionally, VHR imaging methods on different platforms, i.e., ideal trajectory, airborne, and spaceborne, are reviewed. Finally, the challenges and prospects of VHR SAR are presented to inform future research directions. This work provides a valuable resource to improve the system design and signal processing of VHR SAR.

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Section: Spaceborne Vhr Sar Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Very High Resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar Systems and Imaging: A Review

Chen,

Dong,

Zhang

et al. 2024

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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“…Unlike conventional single-polarization SAR, PolSAR actively retrieves polarization information from surface scattering, offering a larger set of parameters to characterize electromagnetic scattering properties. For effective classification of polarimetric SAR data, these polarization features from PolSAR images must be comprehensively explored and leveraged within widely adopted deep learning algorithms and SAR systems are developing rapidly, and relevant scholars have conducted in-depth research on issues such as SAR imaging [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Input Schemes for Polarimetric SAR Classification Using Deep Learning

Zhang,

Cui,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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This study employs the reflection symmetry decomposition (RSD) method to extract polarization scattering features from ground object images, aiming to determine the optimal data input scheme for deep learning networks in polarimetric synthetic aperture radar classification. Eight distinct polarizing feature combinations were designed, and the classification accuracy of various approaches was evaluated using the classic convolutional neural networks (CNNs) AlexNet and VGG16. The findings reveal that the commonly employed six-parameter input scheme, favored by many researchers, lacks the comprehensive utilization of polarization information and warrants attention. Intriguingly, leveraging the complete nine-parameter input scheme based on the polarization coherence matrix results in improved classification accuracy. Furthermore, the input scheme incorporating all 21 parameters from the RSD and polarization coherence matrix notably enhances overall accuracy and the Kappa coefficient compared to the other seven schemes. This comprehensive approach maximizes the utilization of polarization scattering information from ground objects, emerging as the most effective CNN input data scheme in this study. Additionally, the classification performance using the second and third component total power values (P2 and P3) from the RSD surpasses the approach utilizing surface scattering power value (PS) and secondary scattering power value (PD) from the same decomposition.

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“…The use of the MWE technique in transmitting signals can bring great changes to a MIMO SAR system. The transmitting signals can be flexibly coded in the time, frequency, and space domains, even at higher dimensions such as the polarization information dimension [11][12][13]. The combination of the DBF technique and MWE technique can further exploit the degrees of freedom, which can greatly enhance the system performance, especially the ability of multi-mode working which can provide the possibility for MWE SAR realization [4][5][6][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transmitting signals can be flexibly coded in the time, frequency, and space domains, even at higher dimensions such as the polarization information dimension [11][12][13]. The combination of the DBF technique and MWE technique can further exploit the degrees of freedom, which can greatly enhance the system performance, especially the ability of multi-mode working which can provide the possibility for MWE SAR realization [4][5][6][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Intrapulse beamsteering at elevation is one typical example of MWE, which can obtain a wide swath width and high azimuth resolution simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Intrapulse Beamsteering SAR Imaging Mode Based on OFDM-Chirp Signals

Wang,

He,

Dong

2023

Remote Sensing

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The multiple-input multiple-output synthetic aperture radar (MIMO SAR) system has developed rapidly since its discovery. At the same time, the low-disturbance and high-gain requirements of the MIMO system are continuing to increase. Through the application of digital beamforming (DBF) techniques, the multidimensional waveform encoding (MWE) technique can play a key role in MIMO systems, which can greatly improve the system’s performance, especially the multi-mission capability of radar. Intrapulse beamsteering in elevation is a typical form of multi-dimensional waveform encoding which can greatly improve the transmitting efficiency and multi-mission performance of radar. However, because of the high sensitivity of the DBF technique to height, there is significant deterioration in performance in the presence of terrain undulations. The OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) technique is widely used in communication. Due to the similarity of radar and communication systems and the great waveform diversity of OFDM signals, the OFDM radar has recently begun to emerge as a new radar system, simultaneously, the orthogonality of OFDM signals is in the time and frequency domains, and is not affected by terrain undulation. So, this paper proposes a novel radar mode combining intrapulse beamsteering in elevation and OFDM-Chirp signals, that is, the combination of “beam orthogonality” and “waveform orthogonality”, which can greatly improve the performance and fault tolerance to interference signals. In this manuscript, the system working mode and signal processing flow are introduced in detail, and simulations for both point targets and distributed targets are carried out to verify the feasibility of the proposed mode. Simultaneously, a comparison experiment is carried out, which shows the high level of fault tolerance to terrain undulation and the high potential of the proposed radar mode in Earth observation.

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Drifting Ionospheric Scintillation Simulation for L-Band Geosynchronous SAR

Cited by 9 publications

References 51 publications

Very High Resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar Systems and Imaging: A Review

Very High Resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar Systems and Imaging: A Review

Research on Input Schemes for Polarimetric SAR Classification Using Deep Learning

A Novel Intrapulse Beamsteering SAR Imaging Mode Based on OFDM-Chirp Signals

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