Dried blood spots for the diagnosis and quantitation of HIV-1: Stability studies and evaluation of sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of infant HIV-1 infection in Thailand

Leelawiwat, Wanna; Young, Nancy L.; Chaowanachan, Thongpoon; Ou, Chin-Yih; Culnane, Mary; Vanprapa, Nirun; Waranawat, Naris; Wasinrapee, Punneeporn; Mock, Philip A.; Tappero, Jordan W.; McNicholl, JM

doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2008.09.022

Cited by 62 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This is consistent with other studies detecting the viral loads in children (4,5,(9)(10)(11). Because of this usually high viral load in children, we recommend that a threshold of 5,000 IU/ml be used to interpret HIV-1 positivity, and we consider that cases below this value should be repeated to avoid false positivity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In Thailand, where the recombinant HIV-1 subtype (CRF01_AE) is predominant (9), research has shown that Amplicor sensitivity with buffy coat samples increases from 40% at the time of birth to 100% at the age of 2 months, and its specificity is 100% regardless of age. Studies performed in the United States compared the use of proviral DNA and plasma RNA for neonatal diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The widespread availability of RNA techniques in Senegal, as in other countries, and the validation of RNA quantitation on DBS (8,9,19) offered an opportunity to evaluate its use in EID.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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RNA versus DNA (NucliSENS EasyQ HIV-1 v1.2 versus Amplicor HIV-1 DNA Test v1.5) for Early Diagnosis of HIV-1 Infection in Infants in Senegal

et al. 2011

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The objective of this study was to compare the performance of the NucliSENS EasyQ HIV-1 v1.2 platform (bioMérieux, France) to the Amplicor HIV-1 DNA test v1.5 (Roche Molecular Systems, Switzerland) in detecting HIV-1 infection in infants using venipuncture-derived whole blood in tubes and dried blood spots. A total of 149 dried blood spots and 43 EDTA-anticoagulated peripheral blood samples were collected throughout Dakar and other areas in Senegal from infants and children aged 3 weeks to 24 months who were born to HIV-1-infected mothers. Samples were tested using the NucliSENS and Amplicor technologies. The NucliSENS and Amplicor results were 100% concordant using either EDTA-anticoagulated peripheral blood or dried blood spots. Compared to Amplicor, the sensitivity and specificity of the NucliSENS test were 100%. The NucliSENS EasyQ HIV-1 RNA assay performed as well as the Amplicor HIV-1 DNA test in detecting HIV-1 infection in infants. In addition, this platform can give an indication of the viral load baseline. The NucliSENS EasyQ platform is a good alternative for early infant diagnosis of HIV-1 infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RNA versus DNA (NucliSENS EasyQ HIV-1 v1.2 versus Amplicor HIV-1 DNA Test v1.5) for Early Diagnosis of HIV-1 Infection in Infants in Senegal

et al. 2011

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“…The linear ranges of the standard and ultrasensitive procedures are 400 to 750,000 copies/ml and 50 to 100,000 copies/ml, respectively (16). Previous reports have established acceptable correlation in HIV-1 viral load detection using the Cobas Amplicor with plasma and DBS (17,18). In 2007, a real-time PCR (RT-PCR) assay, the Roche Cobas Ampliprep/Cobas TaqMan HIV-1 test (CAP/CTM) (Roche Molecular Systems, Branchburg, NJ) was introduced (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Evaluation of Quantification of HIV-1 RNA Viral Load in Plasma and Dried Blood Spots by Use of the Semiautomated Cobas Amplicor Assay and the Fully Automated Cobas Ampliprep/TaqMan Assay, Version 2.0, in Kisumu, Kenya

et al. 2013

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dIn Kenya, HIV-1 viral load monitoring is commonly performed with the Cobas Amplicor using plasma specimens. Interest is growing in transitioning to real-time PCR (RT-PCR), such as the Cobas Ampliprep/Cobas TaqMan (CAP/CTM), using dried blood spots (DBS). Before implementation, direct evaluation of the two assays using DBS field specimens is required. This study compares the sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values (NPV and PPV, respectively), concordance, and agreement between HIV-1 viral load measurements using plasma and DBS specimens obtained from 512 HIV-1-infected pregnant females enrolled in the Kisumu Breastfeeding Study and tested with the Cobas Amplicor and CAP/CTM assays. The sensitivity and NPV of viral load detection in DBS specimens were higher with CAP/CTM (sensitivity, 100%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 99.1 to 100.0%; NPV, 100%; 95% CI, 59.0 to 100.0%) than the Cobas Amplicor (sensitivity, 96.6%; 95% CI, 94.3 to 98.1%; NPV, 58.8%; 95% CI, 40.7 to 75.4%). The PPVs were comparable between both assays when using DBS. The specificity of viral load detection in DBS specimens was lower with CAP/CTM (77.8%; 95% CI, 40.0 to 97.2%) than that of the Cobas Amplicor (95.2%; 95% CI, 76.2 to 99.9%). Good concordance and agreement were observed when paired plasma and DBS specimens were tested with both assays. Lower specificity with the CAP/CTM is likely due to proviral HIV-1 DNA amplification and lower detection limits with RT-PCR. However, the CAP/CTM has better sensitivity and higher throughput than the Cobas Amplicor. These findings suggest that DBS may be a suitable alternative to plasma when using RT-PCR, which could increase access to viral load monitoring in resource-limited settings.

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“…ried blood spots (DBS) are easily collected, stored, and transported and are suitable for many diagnostic tests (2,3,5,7,8,12). However, cross-contamination of molecular DBS assays is a potential problem since the sample-containing region is usually physically touched by manual or automated punching devices.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Cutting Eliminates Nucleic Acid Cross-Contamination in Dried-Blood-Spot Processing

et al. 2012

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Dried blood spots for the diagnosis and quantitation of HIV-1: Stability studies and evaluation of sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of infant HIV-1 infection in Thailand

Cited by 62 publications

References 28 publications

RNA versus DNA (NucliSENS EasyQ HIV-1 v1.2 versus Amplicor HIV-1 DNA Test v1.5) for Early Diagnosis of HIV-1 Infection in Infants in Senegal

RNA versus DNA (NucliSENS EasyQ HIV-1 v1.2 versus Amplicor HIV-1 DNA Test v1.5) for Early Diagnosis of HIV-1 Infection in Infants in Senegal

Evaluation of Quantification of HIV-1 RNA Viral Load in Plasma and Dried Blood Spots by Use of the Semiautomated Cobas Amplicor Assay and the Fully Automated Cobas Ampliprep/TaqMan Assay, Version 2.0, in Kisumu, Kenya

Laser Cutting Eliminates Nucleic Acid Cross-Contamination in Dried-Blood-Spot Processing

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