We extend special thanks to Sarah Hicks (National Congress of American Indians) for her guidance and support throughout the development of this report, to Delaine Alley and Ashley Cruse for invaluable research assistance, to the program administrators of the 34 HHS-approved tribal TANF programs for responding to the "Tribal TANF Administration Survey," to Norm DeWeaver of the Indian and Native American Training Coalition for his contributions to and review of the document, and to the numerous tribal professionals, TANF program staff members, and other individuals who shared their expertise and experience with us and our colleagues at conferences and in dozens of conversations and interviews.