Progress in high-harmonic generation has led to high-energy attosecond pulses with cutoff above the carbon 1s edge (283.8 eV). These pulses are essential to extend time-resolved spectroscopies to the water window in order to control electron dynamics in solvated organic species. Here we report a major step towards this goal: the measurement, with sub-cycle time resolution, of the attosecond transient absorption spectrum of argon at the 2p −1 L2,3-edge (∼250 eV) in the presence of a shortwave infrared control pulse. The measurements, supported by theoretical simulations, demonstrate the concurrent role of Auger decay and tunnel ionization in the driven evolution of inner-valence holes of polyelectronic atoms.