Dramatic volcanic instability revealed by InSAR

Schaefer, Lauren N.; Lü, Zhong; Oommen, Thomas

doi:10.1130/g36678.1

Cited by 43 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Pre-and post-eruptive interferograms reveal that flank instability is confined to the May eruptions [22]. This is unique from other measurements of volcanic flank movement, which have typically been attributed to relatively slow (10 cm or less) and steady (up to tens of years) gravitational creep (i.e., [37] and references therein).…”

Section: Post-sliding Flank Deformationmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…The rate of subsidence is assumed to be constant over the time spanned by each interferometric pair, and the motion is presumed to be primarily vertical as the interferograms of opposite geometries (ALOS vs. UAVSAR) show essentially the same sense of motion. The deformation is contained within the boundaries of the flow and interferograms with smaller baselines in previous studies show no deformation in this area outside the scarp from 2007 to 2010 [22]. Thus, deformation can be directly related to subsidence of the lava flow.…”

Section: Insar Observationsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…As perpendicular baselines of interferograms used in this study are less than 341 m (Table 1), the altitude of ambiguity [25] is larger than~190 m. Hence, topography-induced errors in these interferograms can be neglected. Currently, no advanced analysis of GPS data is available for comparing the deformation measured here [22]. Table 1.…”

Section: Insar Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immediately after the eruption, fringes to the north of the summit appear to be a continuation of the material subsidence (Figure 4a), suggesting that this area may also have been involved in co-eruptive flank displacement (this information being lost in co-eruptive interferograms due to incoherence, [22]). In later interferograms, this signal becomes an elongated feature oriented NW-SE.…”

Section: Localized Deflationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At Pacaya, this was attributed to a high proportion of basalt ascending directly from the base of the crust without a period of crustal storage [14]. An InSAR investigation into explosive eruptions rated as VEI-3 eruptions on the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) on the 27 and 28 of May 2010 found that the southwest flank of the edifice moved~3 m to the southwest during this two-day eruption [22]. This flank displacement, combined with historic collapse, confirms that slope instability is a serious threat at Pacaya.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-Eruption Deformation Processes Measured Using ALOS-1 and UAVSAR InSAR at Pacaya Volcano, Guatemala

2016

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Pacaya volcano is a persistently active basaltic cone complex located in the Central American Volcanic Arc in Guatemala. In May of 2010, violent Volcanic Explosivity Index-3 (VEI-3) eruptions caused significant topographic changes to the edifice, including a linear collapse feature 600 m long originating from the summit, the dispersion of~20 cm of tephra and ash on the cone, the emplacement of a 5.4 km long lava flow, and~3 m of co-eruptive movement of the southwest flank. For this study, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) images (interferograms) processed from both spaceborne Advanced Land Observing Satellite-1 (ALOS-1) and aerial Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) data acquired between 31 May 2010 and 10 April 2014 were used to measure post-eruptive deformation events. Interferograms suggest three distinct deformation processes after the May 2010 eruptions, including: (1) subsidence of the area involved in the co-eruptive slope movement; (2) localized deformation near the summit; and (3) emplacement and subsequent subsidence of about a 5.4 km lava flow. The detection of several different geophysical signals emphasizes the utility of measuring volcanic deformation using remote sensing techniques with broad spatial coverage. Additionally, the high spatial resolution of UAVSAR has proven to be an excellent compliment to satellite data, particularly for constraining motion components. Measuring the rapid initiation and cessation of flank instability, followed by stabilization and subsequent influence on eruptive features, provides a rare glimpse into volcanic slope stability processes. Observing these and other deformation events contributes both to hazard assessment at Pacaya and to the study of the stability of stratovolcanoes.

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Section: Post-sliding Flank Deformationmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Insar Observationsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Insar Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Localized Deflationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-Eruption Deformation Processes Measured Using ALOS-1 and UAVSAR InSAR at Pacaya Volcano, Guatemala

2016

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Dome growth at Mount Cleveland, Aleutian Arc, quantified by time series TerraSAR‐X imagery

Wang

Poland

Lü

2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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Synthetic aperture radar imagery is widely used to study surface deformation induced by volcanic activity; however, it is rarely applied to quantify the evolution of lava domes, which is important for understanding hazards and magmatic system characteristics. We studied dome formation associated with eruptive activity at Mount Cleveland, Aleutian Volcanic Arc, in 2011–2012 using TerraSAR‐X imagery. Interferometry and offset tracking show no consistent deformation and only motion of the crater rim, suggesting that ascending magma may pass through a preexisting conduit system without causing appreciable surface deformation. Amplitude imagery has proven useful for quantifying rates of vertical and areal growth of the lava dome within the crater from formation to removal by explosive activity to rebirth. We expect that this approach can be applied at other volcanoes that host growing lava domes and where hazards are highly dependent on dome geometry and growth rates.

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Volcano deformation survey over the Northern and Central Andes with ALOS InSAR time series

Rivera

Amelung

Mothes

2016

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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We use ALOS‐1 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar data spanning the period of 2007–2011 to obtain time‐dependent ground deformation data over all of the volcanoes in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. We detect deformation on or near the proximity of Galeras, Reventador, Tungurahua, Guagua Pichincha, Sangay, and Cerro Auquihuato volcanoes, uncovering previously undocumented deformation in the latter three. Deformation is attributed to changes in pressurization of the volcanic systems (Galeras, Tungurahua, Guagua Pichincha, and Cerro Auquihuato), subsidence associated with flow deposits (Reventador), and flank creep (Sangay). Our models suggest that the pressure sources are located at depths of ∼1–6 km from the surface, indicating that the measurable deformation within our data is restricted to shallow magma chambers and hydrothermal systems.

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Dramatic volcanic instability revealed by InSAR

Cited by 43 publications

References 20 publications

Post-Eruption Deformation Processes Measured Using ALOS-1 and UAVSAR InSAR at Pacaya Volcano, Guatemala

Post-Eruption Deformation Processes Measured Using ALOS-1 and UAVSAR InSAR at Pacaya Volcano, Guatemala

Dome growth at Mount Cleveland, Aleutian Arc, quantified by time series TerraSAR‐X imagery

Volcano deformation survey over the Northern and Central Andes with ALOS InSAR time series

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