Drainage Design for Salinity Control

Hoffman, G. J.; Durnford, Deanna S.

doi:10.2134/agronmonogr38.c17

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Waterlogging (WL), which occurs when the soil is saturated with water and further water input can no longer be absorbed (Hillel 2003) or when the surface water cannot be adequately removed by poor drainage systems (Qureshi et al 2008), takes place globally and impacts almost 45 million ha over large irrigated regions such as Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan (Hoffman and Durnford 1999). In the Natore district, located in the northwestern part of Bangladesh, agricultural activity and livelihoods are severely hampered due to WL for several months throughout the year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeological characteristics of waterlogged areas in Natore District, Bangladesh

Hassan

Jahan

Cheong³

et al. 2023

Hydrogeol J

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Waterlogging (WL) refers to the process by which water flow is resisted in vertical and horizontal directions and thus water stagnates for a short or long span of time; it is induced by a combination of human and natural factors. In the southwestern region of Bangladesh, including Natore District, WL is a significant issue that needs to be addressed if agricultural activity is to be successful. This study aimed to identify surface WL in Natore District and to characterise the WL scenario in the study area in terms of hydrogeology. Waterlogged areas were identified with a geographic information system using satellite images corresponding to the premonsoon and postmonsoon periods. Using groundwater level data (1990–2017), the pre- and postmonsoon scenarios of the waterlogged areas were indicated by seasonal and perennial types of WL. Groundwater recharge scenarios were classified as long and short lag times. Most of the study area was characterised by thick clay or silty clay surficial layers with low water penetration rates, resulting from low porosity and low hydraulic conductivity. The cross-correlation between rainfall and groundwater level revealed the response of groundwater to rainfall, with a lag time of 1–5 months. Long lag time areas exhibited slow groundwater recharge and significant groundwater level fluctuation, with lower hydraulic conductivity values of 49.37–76.24 m/day. In contrast, short lag time areas displayed rapid groundwater recharge and small groundwater fluctuation due to a good proportional relationship with rainfall and higher hydraulic conductivity values of 74.74–117.79 m/day.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeological characteristics of waterlogged areas in Natore District, Bangladesh

Hassan

Jahan

Cheong³

et al. 2023

Hydrogeol J

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“…Moreover, the high content of clay in soils located within the Nile Delta region complicates water seepage. Thus, providing an e cient drainage system is essential for sustainable soil productivity (Hoffman and Durnford, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualizing Subsoil Structure for Evaluating the Efficiency of Mole Drain in Heavy Clay Soils Using Geo-electrical Methods

Aziz

Attia

Hamed

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Geo-electrical surveys have been conducted on three newly reclaimed farms located on the northeastern corner of the Nile Delta, Egypt. These farms always suffer from various soil salinization problems. The surveys include measuring the natural Spontaneous Potential (SP) of the soil, apparent Resistivity Gradient (RG), and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT). The study aims to image the soil structure and evaluate the effectiveness of the traditional Mole Drainage (MD) systems that are customarily utilized to reduce soil salinity of the farms in this region. Integrating the results of the surveys conducted on the first farm shows that the subsurface heavy clay-bed is very close to the topsoil. This proximity reduces the role of the MD in draining the soil. On the second farm, the clay-bed did not reach the soil surface of the farm, and a significant reduction in soil salinity levels nearby the Mole drains was observed. However, the limited thickness of the root zone was not sufficient to plant deep-rooted vegetation. Repeating the ERT measurements on the third (barren) farm revealed a severe defect in the farm drainage network, where the slope of the clay-bed opposes the main direction of the surface drainage system of the farm. This has resulted in groundwater accumulation and a frequent occurrence of waterlogging.Eventually, the efficiency of any drainage network does not depend solely on its surface maintenance. It is important to figure out the subsurface conditions of the soil as well. The methods have proven to be effective and applicable tools in imaging soil subsurface conditions nondestructively, even in lands characterized by high clay content.

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“…Other challenges in these regions include the salinity of irrigation water. However, salts in irrigation water increase soil salinity (Skaggs et al ., ) and irrigating agricultural fields can lead to a rise in the groundwater table and waterlogging problems (Hoffman and Durnford, ). Irrigation of these fields is inevitable if crop production is to be increased because there is a lack of precipitation in these regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Solute Transport and Distribution Under Dry Drainage Conditions Using a Physical Model

Ansari

Abedi‐Koupai

Mostafazadeh‐Fard

et al. 2019

Irrigation and Drainage

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Researchers have recently investigated dry drainage in respect of decreasing environmental effects and investment cost reduction of traditional drainage systems in arid and semi‐arid regions. This study investigated the effect of dry drainage on solute transport in a loamy soil using a physical model. The experiment lasted 84 days and results showed that the dry drainage system transferred a significant amount of dissolved salts from the irrigated area into the fallow area. Moreover, sodium, potassium, calcium, nitrate and chloride ions accumulated in the upper layers of soil of the fallow area but magnesium accumulated in the deeper layers. The ratios of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, nitrate and chloride concentrations at the soil surface of the fallow area to the corresponding values in the irrigated area were 1.67, 1.20, 1.81, 0.90, 2.58 and 1.20, respectively. In addition, variation of SAR in the soil profile of the irrigated area was low and its value approached 1.58, but it increased with decreasing soil depths of the fallow area reaching 2.17 at the soil surface of this area. Although the results demonstrated the capability of dry drainage to transfer ions from the irrigated to the fallow area, further investigation regarding different aspects of this method is recommended. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Drainage Design for Salinity Control

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Hydrogeological characteristics of waterlogged areas in Natore District, Bangladesh

Hydrogeological characteristics of waterlogged areas in Natore District, Bangladesh

Visualizing Subsoil Structure for Evaluating the Efficiency of Mole Drain in Heavy Clay Soils Using Geo-electrical Methods

Assessment of Solute Transport and Distribution Under Dry Drainage Conditions Using a Physical Model

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