Drafting the Dutch: Selection Biases in Dutch Conscript Records in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century

Quanjer, Björn; Kok, Jan

doi:10.1017/ssh.2020.13

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…As seen in other studies on the evolution of adult height, the main indicator of biological living standards [ 8 , 10 , 68 , 69 , 70 ], the SB data show a close relationship with the economic cycles of the island. At the end of the 19th century, the insular advantage was probably due to the improvements in foreign trade driven by the establishment of free trade.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Biological Well-Being and Inequality in Canary Islands: Lanzarote (Cohorts 1886–1982)

Candela-Martínez

Martínez-Carrión

Cervantes

2021

IJERPH

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Developments in anthropometric history in the Iberian Peninsula have been remarkable in recent decades. In contrast, we barely know about the behavior of insular population groups and infants’ and adults’ growth during the nutritional transition in the Canary Islands. This paper analyzes the height, weight and body mass index of military recruits (conscripts) in a rural municipality from the eastern Canaries during the economic modernization process throughout the 20th century. The case study (municipality of San Bartolomé (SB) in Lanzarote, the island closest to the African continent) uses anthropometric data of military recruits from 1907–2001 (cohorts from 1886 to 1982). The final sample is composed of 1921 recruits’ records that were measured and weighed at the ages of 19–21 years old when adolescent growth had finished. The long-term anthropometric study is carried out using two approaches: a malnutrition and growth retardation approach and an inequality perspective. In the first one, we use the methodology recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) that is based on z-scores. In the second one, we implement several inequality dimensions such as the coefficient of variation (CV), percentiles and an analysis for height and BMI evolution by five socioeconomic categories. The data suggest that improvements in biological well-being were due to advances in nutrition since the 1960s. They show that infant nutrition is sensitively associated with economic growth and demographic and epidemiological changes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Biological Well-Being and Inequality in Canary Islands: Lanzarote (Cohorts 1886–1982)

Candela-Martínez

Martínez-Carrión

Cervantes

2021

IJERPH

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“…In principle, they would be enlisted when they failed to show up. In other research, it has been shown that boys from elite groups managed to avoid the examination altogether (Quanjer & Kok, 2020). Finally, after about 1900, boys who were to be exempted because a brother had been enlisted were no longer measured.…”

Section: Setting and Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and Shared-Environment Effects on Stature and Lifespan. A Study of Dutch Birth Cohorts (1785–1920) Based on Genealogies

Kok

2023

hlcs

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Historical demography is generally concerned with the changing economic, social and normative contexts of human behaviour and health outcomes. To most historical demographers, the 'genetic' component of behaviour and health is either unknown or assumed to be constant. However, several studies point at the shift over time in the relative importance of environment and genes: in periods and social groups with strong normative or economic constraints on behaviour, the 'genetic potential' is often not realized. Therefore, to some extent, the waning of environmental constraints on heritability plays a role in changes in demographic outcomes over time. Determining the relative importance of heritability versus shared environment in historical populations for which only genealogies are available poses a challenge. Kin may live in different periods, and in different cultural and social settings. This explorative paper analyses the association between heights of conscripted relatives, as well as their life span. I estimate how the associations are affected by respectively genetic relatedness, shared historical period and shared social and geographical environment. Furthermore, I make a distinction between kin related via the mother versus kin related via the father. All kinds of kin are involved in the analysis: (half, full and twin) brothers, fathers, grandfathers, uncles and cousins. The data consist of about 3,000 men culled from Texel island genealogies, which also include descendants of families who had left the island. Life span has a weak, but still discernible, genetic element. The heritability of height is much stronger, especially at age 19/20. The correlations of mother’s kin with her son's heights are stronger than those of her husband's kin. The analysis does not yield a consistent effect of a protective environment on kin correlations in either height or life span.

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“…Society in Indonesia at that time was divided into three groups. The highest stratum is the European group which contains the Dutch (Quanjer & Kok, 2020). The second strata is filled with the Foreign Eastern group which contains Arab and Chinese descent (Mark Horton, Boivin, & Crowther, 2021).…”

Section: Racism In Indonesia and The Bible Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Racism Seen From a Contextual Biblical Ethical Perspective

Wulandari

2022

edv

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The main issue discussed is about racism. While the formal object is the contextual biblical ethics. The biblical interpretation is limited to the response of Lord Jesus to racism, creation and the genealogy of humankind that made by one blood (Adam). From this genealogy we realize that all humans have a conscience given by the LORD God. A conscience or common sense that gives everyone to do something fairly. The justice of the conscience of the Indonesian nation is called "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" and Pancasila. This two fondation of our nation are firmly reject to all racism issues. Indonesia is our home, where many races or ethnic groups live in it. Through the values that crystallized in Pancasila, the philosophy base in the Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, unity in diversity, will have to be the common sense in every society relation in Indonesia with mutual respect for one another.

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Drafting the Dutch: Selection Biases in Dutch Conscript Records in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Biological Well-Being and Inequality in Canary Islands: Lanzarote (Cohorts 1886–1982)

Biological Well-Being and Inequality in Canary Islands: Lanzarote (Cohorts 1886–1982)

Genetic and Shared-Environment Effects on Stature and Lifespan. A Study of Dutch Birth Cohorts (1785–1920) Based on Genealogies

Racism Seen From a Contextual Biblical Ethical Perspective

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