Draft Whole-Genome Sequences of Two Western European Borrelia miyamotoi Isolates

Kuleshov, Konstantin V.; Hoornstra, Dieuwertje; Sprong, Hein; Platonov, Alexander E.; Hovius, Joppe W.

doi:10.1128/mra.01314-19

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In addition, a detailed comparative sequence analyses revealed that B. miyamotoi identified in ticks collected from an individual region exhibit a very low sequence variability. In contrast, sequences obtained from ticks collected from different geographical regions with distinct Ixodes tick species as vectors showed considerable diversity, allowing the classification of B. miyamotoi into at least three separate clades 8 , 19 – 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Initially isolated from Ixodes persulcatus in Hokkaido 4 , B. miyamotoi has also been detected in other Ixodes (I.) species such as I. ricinus, I. persulcatus, I. scapularis, and I. pacificus 4 – 8 . These ticks also carry other tick-borne pathogens, including, but not limited to Lyme Disease (LD) spirochetes, Anaplasma phagocytophilum , and Babesia microti , raising a concern of multiple tick-borne pathogens that can be transmitted next to or simultaneously with B. miyamotoi 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction between Borrelia miyamotoi variable major proteins Vlp15/16 and Vlp18 with plasminogen and complement

Schmidt

Sürth

Berg

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Borrelia miyamotoi, a relapsing fever spirochete transmitted by Ixodid ticks causes B. miyamotoi disease (BMD). To evade the human host´s immune response, relapsing fever borreliae, including B. miyamotoi, produce distinct variable major proteins. Here, we investigated Vsp1, Vlp15/16, and Vlp18 all of which are currently being evaluated as antigens for the serodiagnosis of BMD. Comparative analyses identified Vlp15/16 but not Vsp1 and Vlp18 as a plasminogen-interacting protein of B. miyamotoi. Furthermore, Vlp15/16 bound plasminogen in a dose-dependent fashion with high affinity. Binding of plasminogen to Vlp15/16 was significantly inhibited by the lysine analog tranexamic acid suggesting that the protein–protein interaction is mediated by lysine residues. By contrast, ionic strength did not have an effect on binding of plasminogen to Vlp15/16. Of relevance, plasminogen bound to the borrelial protein cleaved the chromogenic substrate S-2251 upon conversion by urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPa), demonstrating it retained its physiological activity. Interestingly, further analyses revealed a complement inhibitory activity of Vlp15/16 and Vlp18 on the alternative pathway by a Factor H-independent mechanism. More importantly, both borrelial proteins protect serum sensitive Borrelia garinii cells from complement-mediated lysis suggesting multiple roles of these two variable major proteins in immune evasion of B. miyamotoi.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Borrelia miyamotoi variable major proteins Vlp15/16 and Vlp18 with plasminogen and complement

Schmidt

Sürth

Berg

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…The first information about the organization of the B. miyamotoi genome and its differences in relation to the known species from the LB- and RF- Borrelia groups was published in 1995 [ 7 ]. Later, more advanced molecular analysis of Asian, American, and European B. miyamotoi isolates from Ixodes ticks and clinical samples revealed the complexity of the genome structure typical of Borrelia spirochetes [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. However, the most information was obtained by sequencing the genome of B. miyamotoi Izh-4 isolate from a Russian patient [ 30 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borrelia miyamotoi—An Emerging Human Tick-Borne Pathogen in Europe

2021

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Borrelia miyamotoi is classified as a relapsing fever spirochete. Although B. miyamotoi is genetically and ecologically distinct from Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, both microorganisms are transmitted by the same Ixodes tick species. B. miyamotoi was detected in I. persulcatus ticks in 1994 in Japan. A phylogenetic analysis based on selected sequences of B. miyamotoi genome revealed genetic differences between isolates from Asia, North America, and Europe, which are clearly separated into three genotypes. Symptomatic human cases of Borrelia miyamotoi disease (BMD) were first reported in 2011 in Russia and then in North America, Europe, and Asia. The most common clinical manifestation of BMD is fever with flu-like symptoms. Several differences in rare symptoms (thrombocytopenia, monocytosis, cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis, or symptoms related to the central nervous system) have been noted among cases caused by Asian, European, and American types of B. miyamotoi. BMD should be considered in the diagnosis of patients after tick bites, particularly with meningoencephalitis, without anti-Borrelia antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid. This review describes the biology, ecology, and potential of B. miyamotoi as a tick-borne pathogen of public health concern, with particular emphasis on Europe.

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“…B. miyamotoi was isolated and cultivated in modified Kelly-Pettenkofer medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum from I. ricinus egg masses resulting in two Dutch isolates, of which one was propagated and both were sequenced [113].…”

Section: Culture From Ticks or Patient Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even in experimental settings, cultivation of these microorganisms can be arduous. To date, cultivation from I. ricinus has been reported only for B. miyamotoi, R. helvetica, and R. monacensis [113,135,137] and cultivation from I. ricinus acquired cases has not been performed for B. venatorum, B. microti, and B. miyamotoi.…”

Section: Europeanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Disease Causality of Rare Ixodes ricinus-Borne Infections in Europe

et al. 2020

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In Europe, Ixodes ricinus ticks transmit pathogens such as Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). In addition, there is evidence for transmission to humans from I. ricinus of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia divergens, Babesia microti, Babesia venatorum, Borrelia miyamotoi, Neoehrlichia mikurensis, Rickettsia helvetica and Rickettsia monacensis. However, whether infection with these potential tick-borne pathogens results in human disease has not been fully demonstrated for all of these tick-borne microorganisms. To evaluate the available evidence for a causative relation between infection and disease, the current study analyses European case reports published from 2008 to 2018, supplemented with information derived from epidemiological and experimental studies. The evidence for human disease causality in Europe found in this review appeared to be strongest for A. phagocytophilum and B. divergens. Nonetheless, some knowledge gaps still exist. Importantly, comprehensive evidence for pathogenicity is lacking for the remaining tick-borne microorganisms. Such evidence could be gathered best through prospective studies, for example, studies enrolling patients with a fever after a tick bite, the development of specific new serological tools, isolation of these microorganisms from ticks and patients and propagation in vitro, and through experimental studies.

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Draft Whole-Genome Sequences of Two Western European Borrelia miyamotoi Isolates

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Interaction between Borrelia miyamotoi variable major proteins Vlp15/16 and Vlp18 with plasminogen and complement

Interaction between Borrelia miyamotoi variable major proteins Vlp15/16 and Vlp18 with plasminogen and complement

Borrelia miyamotoi—An Emerging Human Tick-Borne Pathogen in Europe

Evaluation of Disease Causality of Rare Ixodes ricinus-Borne Infections in Europe

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