Draft Genome Sequence of the Termite-Associated “Cuckoo Fungus,”
            <i>Athelia</i>
            (
            <i>Fibularhizoctonia</i>
            ) sp. TMB Strain TB5

Konkel, Zachary; Scott, Kelsey; Slot, Jason C.

doi:10.1128/mra.01230-20

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, the published key psilocybin synthetic genes PsiM, PsiD, PsiK, and PsiH were not significantly different in transcriptome analysis after SAH treatment. Combined with the previous results, Atheliaceae detected close homologues of all psilocybin genes, but these genes were not clustered, and no psilocybin was detected [ 44 ]. Awan et al [ 22 ] presented a novel psilocybin biosynthesis gene cluster in Inocybe corydaline that differs from the previous study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase Regulate Psilocybin Biosynthesis in Gymnopilus dilepis Mushroom via Amino Acid Metabolism Pathways

Yao

Wei

Lin

et al. 2022

JoF

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As a potential medicine for the treatment of depression, psilocybin has gradually attracted attention. To elucidate the molecular mechanism regulating psilocybin synthesis in Gymnopilus dilepis, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was used to detect the changes in psilocybin content after S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (SAH) treatment and the changes of psilocybin content in different parts (stipe and pileus), and RNA-Seq was used to explore the mechanism of psilocybin content changes. In this study, the psilocybin content in G. dilepis mycelia treated with SAH was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the content of psilocybin in the stipe was significantly higher than that in the pileus. Transcriptome analysis revealed that differential expression genes (DEGs) were associated with cysteine and methionine metabolism. In particular, the transcription levels of genes encoding Cystathionine gamma-lyase (CTH) in different treatments and different parts were positively correlated with psilocybin content. In addition, we found that the exogenous addition of CTH activity inhibitor (DL-propargylglycine, PAG) could reduce the content of psilocybin and L-serine, and the content of psilocybin and L-serine returned to normal levels after L-cysteine supplementation, suggesting that psilocybin synthesis may be positively correlated with L-cysteine or CTH, and L-cysteine regulates the synthesis of psilocybin by affecting L-serine and 4-hydroxy-L-tryptophan. In conclusion, this study revealed a new molecular mechanism that affects psilocybin biosynthesis, which can provide a theoretical basis for improving psilocybin synthesis and the possibility for the development of biomedicine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase Regulate Psilocybin Biosynthesis in Gymnopilus dilepis Mushroom via Amino Acid Metabolism Pathways

Yao

Wei

Lin

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…Adams & Kropp, a genus of anamorphic (asexually reproducing) Athelia Pers. that has multiple copies of Psi homologs, albeit not contained in a cluster ( 40 ). The Atheliales are close relatives of the Agaricales with a broad range of ecologies, including termite symbionts ( 41 ), plant pathogens, mycorrhizal mutualists, and saprobes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenomics of the psychoactive mushroom genus Psilocybe and evolution of the psilocybin biosynthetic gene cluster

Bradshaw,

Ramírez-Cruz,

Awan

et al. 2024

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Psychoactive mushrooms in the genus Psilocybe have immense cultural value and have been used for centuries in Mesoamerica. Despite the recent surge of interest in these mushrooms due to the psychotherapeutic potential of their natural alkaloid psilocybin, their phylogeny and taxonomy remain substantially incomplete. Moreover, the recent elucidation of the psilocybin biosynthetic gene cluster is known for only five of ~165 species of Psilocybe , four of which belong to only one of two major clades. We set out to improve the phylogeny of Psilocybe using shotgun sequencing of fungarium specimens, from which we obtained 71 metagenomes including from 23 types, and conducting phylogenomic analysis of 2,983 single-copy gene families to generate a fully supported phylogeny. Molecular clock analysis suggests the stem lineage of Psilocybe arose ~67 mya and diversified ~56 mya. We also show that psilocybin biosynthesis first arose in Psilocybe , with 4 to 5 possible horizontal transfers to other mushrooms between 40 and 9 mya. Moreover, predicted orthologs of the psilocybin biosynthetic genes revealed two distinct gene orders within the biosynthetic gene cluster that corresponds to a deep split within the genus, possibly a signature of two independent acquisitions of the cluster within Psilocybe .

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“…Adams & Kropp, a genus of anamorphic Athelia Pers. that has multiple copies of Psi homologs, albeit not contained in a cluster (Konkel et al 2021). The Atheliales are close relatives of the Agaricales with a broad range of ecologies, including termite symbionts (Matsuura 2005), plant pathogens, mycorrhizal mutualists, and saprobes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenomics of the psychoactive mushroom genusPsilocybeand evolution of the psilocybin biosynthetic gene cluster

Bradshaw

Ramírez-Cruz

Awan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Psychoactive mushrooms in the genus Psilocybe have immense cultural value and have been used for centuries in Mesoamerica. Despite a recent surge in interest in these mushrooms due to emerging evidence that psilocybin, the main psychoactive compound, is a promising therapeutic for a variety of mental illnesses, their phylogeny and taxonomy remain substantially incomplete. Moreover, the recent elucidation of the psilocybin biosynthetic gene cluster is known for only five species of Psilocybe, four of which belong to only one of two major clades. We set out to improve the phylogeny for Psilocybe using shotgun sequencing of 71 fungarium specimens, including 23 types, and conducting phylogenomic analysis using 2,983 single-copy gene families to generate a fully supported phylogeny. Molecular clock analysis suggests the stem lineage arose ~66 mya and diversified ~53 mya. We also show that psilocybin biosynthesis first arose in Psilocybe, with 4-5 possible horizontal transfers to other mushrooms between 40 and 22 mya. Moreover, predicted orthologs of the psilocybin biosynthetic genes revealed two distinct gene orders within the cluster that corresponds to a deep split within the genus, possibly consistent with the independent acquisition of the cluster. This novel insight may predict differences in chemistry between the two major clades of the genus, providing further resources for the development of novel therapeutics.

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Draft Genome Sequence of the Termite-Associated “Cuckoo Fungus,” Athelia ( Fibularhizoctonia ) sp. TMB Strain TB5

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase Regulate Psilocybin Biosynthesis in Gymnopilus dilepis Mushroom via Amino Acid Metabolism Pathways

Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase Regulate Psilocybin Biosynthesis in Gymnopilus dilepis Mushroom via Amino Acid Metabolism Pathways

Phylogenomics of the psychoactive mushroom genus Psilocybe and evolution of the psilocybin biosynthetic gene cluster

Phylogenomics of the psychoactive mushroom genusPsilocybeand evolution of the psilocybin biosynthetic gene cluster

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