Draft Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli Strain ATCC 23502 (Serovar O5:K4:H4)

Cress, Brady F.; Greene, Zachary R.; Linhardt, Robert J.; Koffas, Mattheos

doi:10.1128/genomea.00046-13

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Several model E. coli strains possessing K1, K4, and K5 capsules have been sequenced, and their amino/nucleotide sugar metabolism is well conserved with only slight genetic and metabolic differences (Chen et al ., ; Shuting Lu et al ., ; Cress et al ., , b, c). The conserved biosynthetic steps for these E. coli CPSs are representative of many bacteria and are shown alongside major competing metabolic pathways in Fig.…”

Section: Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the first module, UDP‐glucose is converted to UDP‐GlcA by UDP‐glucose dehydrogenase (UGDH) encoded by kfoF and associated with the K4 CPS biosynthetic enzyme complex (Ninomiya et al ., ). Although it is not uncommon for multiple copies of UDP‐glucose dehydrogenase to exist in E. coli genomes, the existence of two other copies in the genome of the model K4 strain U1‐41 (Cress et al ., ) suggests that kfoF has evolved to perform a distinct physiological role. As UDP‐glucose is a key metabolite in many pathways, it is plausible that the association of the kfoF ‐encoded copy of UDP‐glucose dehydrogenase with the capsular biosynthetic enzyme complex serves to spatially constrain the chemical reaction – conversion of UDP‐glucose to UDP‐GlcA – near the K4 CPS glycosyltransferase on the inner cell membrane, increasing the local concentration of UDP‐GlcA and effectively channeling valuable UDP‐glucose toward production of K4 CPS without significant loss to other cellular reactions.…”

Section: Chondroitin Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One such production strategy involves harvesting a CS precursor from cultures of E. coli strains biosynthesizing a K4 capsule (Zanfardino et al, 2010;Restaino et al, 2011Restaino et al, , 2012Schiraldi et al, 2011Schiraldi et al, , 2012Trilli et al, 2012). This biotechnological relevance has provoked increased interest in improving biosynthesis of K4 CPS by manipulating E. coli metabolism Cimini et al, 2013;Cress et al, 2013b;Wu et al, 2013). K4 CPS is similar in structure to unsulfated CS, with the exception of an acid labile, bisecting b-fructofuranose attached to C3 of the GlcA residue (Fig.…”

Section: Chondroitinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Masquerading microbial pathogens: capsular polysaccharides mimic host-tissue molecules

et al. 2014

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Summary Bacterial pathogens bearing capsular polysaccharides identical to mammalian glycans benefit from an additional level of protection from host immune response. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria portends an impending post-antibiotic age, characterized by diminishing efficacy of common antibiotics and routine application of multifaceted, complementary therapeutic approaches to treat bacterial infections, particularly multidrug-resistant organisms. The first line of defense for most bacterial pathogens consists of a physical and immunological barrier known as the capsule, commonly composed of a viscous layer of carbohydrates that are covalently bound to the cell wall in Gram-positive bacteria or often to lipids of the outer membrane in many Gram-negative bacteria. Bacterial capsular polysaccharides are a diverse class of high molecular weight polysaccharides contributing to virulence of many human pathogens in the gut, respiratory tree, urinary tract, and other host tissues, by hiding cell-surface components that might otherwise elicit host immune response. This review highlights capsular polysaccharides that are structurally identical or similar to polysaccharides found in mammalian tissues, including polysialic acid and glycosaminoglycan capsules hyaluronan, heparosan, and chondroitin. Such non-immunogenic coatings render pathogens insensitive to certain immune responses, effectively increasing residence time in host tissues and enabling pathologically relevant population densities to be reached. Biosynthetic pathways and capsular involvement in immune system evasion are described providing a basis for potential therapies aimed at supplementing or replacing antibiotic treatment.

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Section: Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chondroitin Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chondroitinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Masquerading microbial pathogens: capsular polysaccharides mimic host-tissue molecules

et al. 2014

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“…Naturally, Escherichia coli K4 produces the capsular polysaccharide K4, a fructosylated chondroitin (Cress, Greene, Linhardt, & Koffas, ) which is structurally similar to chondroitin. Many studies on optimization of the metabolic pathway (Cimini, De Rosa, Carlino, Ruggiero, & Schiraldi, ; Cimini et al, ) and cultivation process (Restaino, di Lauro, Di Nuzzo, De Rosa, & Schiraldi, ; Restaino et al, ; Wu et al, ) have been carried out to improve the chondroitin production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A microbial–enzymatic strategy for producing chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans

Zhou

Huang

et al. 2018

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Chondroitin sulfate has been widely used in both medical and clinical applications. Commercial chondroitin sulfate has been mainly acquired from animal tissue extraction. Here we report a new two-step biological strategy for producing chondroitin sulfate A and chondroitin sulfate C. First, the chondroitin biosynthesis pathway in a recombinant Bacillus subtilis strain using sucrose as carbon source was systematically optimized and the titer of chondroitin was significantly enhanced to 7.15 g/L. Then, specific sulfation transformation systems were successfully constructed and optimized by combining the purified aryl sulfotransferase IV (ASST IV), chondroitin 4-sulfotransferase (C4ST) and chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase (C6ST). Chondroitin sulfate A and C were enzymatically transformed from chondroitin at conversion rates of 98% and 96%, respectively. The present biological strategy has great potential to be scaled up for biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate A and C from cheap carbon sources.

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“…Preparation of perdeuterated biomolecules by microbes grown in 2 H 2 O containing a perdeuterated carbon source has been reported . Perdeuteroheparosan was prepared from E. coli strain ATCC 23506, a microbe that naturally produces and sheds this capsular polysaccharide, in minimal medium prepared in D 2 O with heavy glycerol as the sole carbon source. 2 H enrichment was significantly enhanced in medium prepared with 2 H 2 O relative to H 2 O (Figure S2).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Heparin: A Stable Isotope‐Enriched, Chemoenzymatically‐Synthesized, Poly‐Component Drug

Cress¹,

Bhaskar²,

Vaidyanathan³

et al. 2019

Angewandte Chemie

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Heparin is ah ighly sulfated, complex polysaccharide and widely used anticoagulant pharmaceutical. In this work, we chemoenzymatically synthesized perdeuteroheparin from biosynthetically enriched heparosan precursor obtained from microbial culture in deuterated medium. Chemical de-Nacetylation, chemical N-sulfation, enzymatic epimerization, and enzymatic sulfation with recombinant heparin biosynthetic enzymes afforded perdeuteroheparin comparable to pharmaceutical heparin. Aseries of applications for heavy heparin and its heavy biosynthetic intermediates are demonstrated, including generation of stable isotope labeled disaccharide standards, development of an on-radioactive NMR assayf or glucuronosyl-C5-epimerase,a nd background-free quantification of in vivo half-life following administration to rabbits.W e anticipate that this approach can be extended to produce other isotope-enriched glycosaminoglycans.

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Draft Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli Strain ATCC 23502 (Serovar O5:K4:H4)

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Masquerading microbial pathogens: capsular polysaccharides mimic host-tissue molecules

Masquerading microbial pathogens: capsular polysaccharides mimic host-tissue molecules

A microbial–enzymatic strategy for producing chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans

Heavy Heparin: A Stable Isotope‐Enriched, Chemoenzymatically‐Synthesized, Poly‐Component Drug

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