Draft genome of a macrolide resistant XDR Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A strain using a shotgun sequencing approach

Khatoon, Ambrina; Malik, Hafiz Muhammad Talha; Aurongzeb, Muhammad; Raza, Sayed Ali; Karim, Aneela

doi:10.1016/j.jgar.2019.09.001

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…We can mention the recent study of an isolate of Salmonella paratyphi A, resistant to macrolides, that exhibits mutations in numerous regulators ( marA , marR , E. coli soxS , and soxR , cpxA , msbA , baeR , etc.) conferring multi-drug resistances [ 129 ]. Similarly, Majewsky et al, recently points on the expression of MarA, RamA, SoxS in MDR E. cloacae isolates that affect conjointly the porins and efflux pumps expressions [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, we can note that the redundancy and accumulation of these "controllers" of membrane permeability and transporters is a key aspect allowing the bacterial cell to (i) detect/respond to the presence of noxious compounds in the medium and (ii) select an appropriate level of membrane permeation. This large redundancy of controls confers rapid fine-tuned responses, versatility, flexibility, and contributes to a limited cost for efficient adaptation by multiplying the available regulation target for a key function of bacterial metabolism the membrane transport [ 83 , 88 , 97 , 126 , 128 , 129 , 132 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Intertwined Network of Regulation Controls Membrane Permeability Including Drug Influx and Efflux in Enterobacteriaceae

et al. 2020

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The transport of small molecules across membranes is a pivotal step for controlling the drug concentration into the bacterial cell and it efficiently contributes to the antibiotic susceptibility in Enterobacteriaceae. Two types of membrane transports, passive and active, usually represented by porins and efflux pumps, are involved in this process. Importantly, the expression of these transporters and channels are modulated by an armamentarium of tangled regulatory systems. Among them, Helix-turn-Helix (HTH) family regulators (including the AraC/XylS family) and the two-component systems (TCS) play a key role in bacterial adaptation to environmental stresses and can manage a decrease of porin expression associated with an increase of efflux transporters expression. In the present review, we highlight some recent genetic and functional studies that have substantially contributed to our better understanding of the sophisticated mechanisms controlling the transport of small solutes (antibiotics) across the membrane of Enterobacteriaceae. This information is discussed, taking into account the worrying context of clinical antibiotic resistance and fitness of bacterial pathogens. The localization and relevance of mutations identified in the respective regulation cascades in clinical resistant strains are discussed. The possible way to bypass the membrane/transport barriers is described in the perspective of developing new therapeutic targets to combat bacterial resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Intertwined Network of Regulation Controls Membrane Permeability Including Drug Influx and Efflux in Enterobacteriaceae

et al. 2020

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Oxford nanopore technologies—a valuable tool to generate whole-genome sequencing data for in silico serotyping and the detection of genetic markers in Salmonella

2023

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Bacteria of the genus Salmonella pose a major risk to livestock, the food economy, and public health. Salmonella infections are one of the leading causes of food poisoning. The identification of serovars of Salmonella achieved by their diverse surface antigens is essential to gain information on their epidemiological context. Traditionally, slide agglutination has been used for serotyping. In recent years, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) followed by in silico serotyping has been established as an alternative method for serotyping and the detection of genetic markers for Salmonella. Until now, WGS data generated with Illumina sequencing are used to validate in silico serotyping methods. Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) opens the possibility to sequence ultra-long reads and has frequently been used for bacterial sequencing. In this study, ONT sequencing data of 28 Salmonella strains of different serovars with epidemiological relevance in humans, food, and animals were taken to investigate the performance of the in silico serotyping tools SISTR and SeqSero2 compared to traditional slide agglutination tests. Moreover, the detection of genetic markers for resistance against antimicrobial agents, virulence, and plasmids was studied by comparing WGS data based on ONT with WGS data based on Illumina. Based on the ONT data from flow cell version R9.4.1, in silico serotyping achieved an accuracy of 96.4 and 92% for the tools SISTR and SeqSero2, respectively. Highly similar sets of genetic markers comparing both sequencing technologies were identified. Taking the ongoing improvement of basecalling and flow cells into account, ONT data can be used for Salmonella in silico serotyping and genetic marker detection.

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Molecular determinants of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella enterica antibiotic resistance

Pavlova

Бочарова

Kuleshov

et al. 2022

Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology

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Nontyphoid strains of Salmonella enterica pose a great threat to human health. The problem of salmonellosis is aggravated compounded by the progressive spread of antibiotic resistance among clinical and agricultural strains of S. enterica. This literature review summarizes the current knowledge of the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in S. enterica and illustrates the diversity and complexity of molecular systems providing antibiotic resistance. The spectrum of natural resistance is described and the adaptive (acquired) mechanisms of resistance to representatives of the main classes of antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, nitrofurans, sulfonamides, fosfomycin and chloramphenicol, are thoroughly characterized. Particular emphasis is placed on the analysis of the molecular genetic mechanisms of S. enterica resistance to representatives of the most important classes of antibiotics — β-lactams, and to reserve antibiotics — polymyxins (colistin). Genetic determinants of resistance, transmitted by a horizontal path route are also described. The review analyzes only those variants of the molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance where the clinical significance has been proven by a set of correct genetic (sequencing) and biochemical (confirmation of the spectrum of hydrolyzed β-lactams) studies. The main ways of regulating the expression of antibiotic resistance are also described. Many S. enterica strains exhibit a combination of different mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and have a multiple resistance. The question was raised about the heterogeneity of the distribution of resistance among different groups/serotypes within the S. enterica species. In particular, some clonal complexes with signs of resistance are more successful pathogens in humans and animals. Salmonella, like most other bacteria, exhibit a non-canonical type of antibiotic resistance — biofilm resistance, which is realized through several mechanisms, the main of which are the filtering/sorption capacity of the biofilm matrix and the transformation of biofilm cells into dormant and persistent forms.Despite the fact that the functional significance of the molecular assemblies that determine antibiotic resistance is the same for all enterobacteria, the specification of the mechanisms of resistance in Salmonella is a necessary link for the development of molecular diagnostic systems for assessing the sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs.

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Draft genome of a macrolide resistant XDR Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A strain using a shotgun sequencing approach

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

An Intertwined Network of Regulation Controls Membrane Permeability Including Drug Influx and Efflux in Enterobacteriaceae

An Intertwined Network of Regulation Controls Membrane Permeability Including Drug Influx and Efflux in Enterobacteriaceae

Oxford nanopore technologies—a valuable tool to generate whole-genome sequencing data for in silico serotyping and the detection of genetic markers in Salmonella

Molecular determinants of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella enterica antibiotic resistance

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