DPP-4 as a Possible Biomarker of Inflammation Before Abdominal Surgery for Chronic Pathology: Our Experience with Elective Cholecystectomy

Valencia-Sánchez, Liliana Denisse; Almendra‐Pegueros, Rafael; R-Valdez, Luis Jose Diaz; Esmer‐Sánchez, David; Medina, Úrsula; Gordillo‐Moscoso, Antonio

doi:10.3390/medicina55050148

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…DPP-IV inhibitors are also thought to reduce cardiovascular risk factors through glucose control, favourable body weight profile, reduction in blood pressure, and circulating free fatty acids, leading to an overall reduction in cardiovascular events such as strokes and ischemic heart disease. [76][77][78][79][80][81] It is postulated that these beneficial effects are due to the release of vasculoprotective endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF-1α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). [82][83][84][85][86] Although these preclinical and mechanistic studies have provided compelling evidence for potentially beneficial cardiovascular effects of DPP-IV inhibition, recent clinical trials including CAROLINA (Cardiovascular Outcome Study of Linagliptin vs Glimepiride in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes), EXAMINE (Examination of Cardiovascular Outcomes with Aloglitin versus Standard Care), and TECOS (Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes with Sitagliptin) did not fully support these observations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV in abdominal aortic aneurysm pathogenesis: A systematic review

et al. 2021

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Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an important vascular disease carrying significant mortality implications due to the risk of aneurysm rupture. Current management relies exclusively on surgical repair as there is no effective medical therapy. A key element of AAA pathogenesis is the chronic inflammation mediated by inflammatory cells releasing proteases, including the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV). This review sought to recapitulate available evidence on the involvement of DPP-IV in AAA development. Further, we assessed the experimental use of currently available DPP-IV inhibitors for AAA management in murine models. Embase, Medline, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were utilised to access the relevant studies. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). A narrative synthesis approach was used. Sixty-four studies were identified from the searched databases; a final 11 were included in the analysis. DPP-IV was reported to be significantly increased in both AAA tissue and plasma of patients and correlated with AAA growth. DPP-IV inhibitors (sitagliptin, vildagliptin, alogliptin, and teneligliptin) were all shown to attenuate AAA formation in murine models by reducing monocyte differentiation, the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9). DPP-IV seems to play a role in AAA pathogenesis by propagating the inflammatory microenvironment. This is supported by observations of decreased AAA formation and reduction in macrophage infiltration, ROS, matrix MMPs, and interleukins following the use of DPP-IV inhibitors in murine models. There is an existing translational gap from preclinical observations to clinical trials in this important and novel mechanism of AAA pathogenesis. This prior literature highlights the need for further research on molecular targets involved in AAA formation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV in abdominal aortic aneurysm pathogenesis: A systematic review

et al. 2021

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“…Although controversial, antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing video cholecystectomy is indicated by some authors in order to reduce the risk of surgical site infection [15,16]. However, recent studies have not found a significant difference in patients with prophylactic antibiotic therapy or the use of a placebo in preventing surgical site infection in patients electing for video cholecystectomy [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Bacteriobilia and the Correlation with Antibioticoprophylaxis in Low-Risk Patients Submitted to Elective Videolaparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Pagani,

Dolfini,

Trazzi

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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Cholelithiasis has a major impact on global health and affects an average of 20% of the Western population. The main risk factors are females, age over 40 years, obesity and pregnancy. Most of the time it is asymptomatic, but when there are symptoms, they are generally nonspecific. Bile was considered sterile, but today it is known that it contains a complex bacterial flora, which causes biofilm in the gallbladder and gallstones. Among the main bacteria associated with cholelithiasis are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, species of Enterococcus spp. and Acinetobacter spp. Antibiotic prophylaxis is used in an attempt to reduce postoperative infections, especially at the surgical site. However, some authors found no relationship between the use of antibiotic prophylaxis and a lower risk of surgical site infection. Thus, the aim of this double-blind randomized clinical trial was to compare the existence or not of bacteriobilia in patients at low anesthetic risk who underwent videolaparoscopic cholecystectomy, and its correlation with the use of prophylactic antibiotics. This study included 40 patients between 18 and 65 years old, diagnosed with cholelithiasis, symptomatic or not, with low anesthetic risk classified by the American Society of Anesthesiology in ASA I or ASA II, without complications or previous manipulation of the bile duct, who underwent elective video cholecystectomy, divided into two groups: Experimental Group A (n = 20), which received 2 g of Cephalotin (first-generation Cephalosporin, Keflin®, ABL antibiotics, Cosmópolis, Brazil) during anesthetic induction, and Control Group B (n = 20), where no antibiotics were administered until bile collection. After the procedure, a bile sample was collected and culture and antibiogram were performed. In the sample, 22 (55%) were classified as ASA I and 18 (45%) as ASA II. It was observed that 81.8% of the patients who had a positive culture did not use antibiotics, against 18.2% of those who used prophylaxis. When comparing patients regarding anesthetic risk, ASA I patients had a positive culture in 9.1% of cases, against 90.9% in patients classified as ASA II. It was concluded that patients with higher anesthetic risk (ASA II) have a higher chance of bacteriobilia and benefit from antibiotic prophylaxis when compared to patients with lower anesthetic risk (ASA I).

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DPP-4 as a Possible Biomarker of Inflammation Before Abdominal Surgery for Chronic Pathology: Our Experience with Elective Cholecystectomy

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

The role of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV in abdominal aortic aneurysm pathogenesis: A systematic review

The role of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV in abdominal aortic aneurysm pathogenesis: A systematic review

Incidence of Bacteriobilia and the Correlation with Antibioticoprophylaxis in Low-Risk Patients Submitted to Elective Videolaparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

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