Doxorubicin-induced hyperpigmentation

Abbasi, Naheed R.; Wang, Nadia

doi:10.5070/d365m8x79p

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Regarding the rarity of the phenomenon and lack of systemic data, a few underlying etiologic factors have been assumed: matrix melanocyte activation (10), endogenous pigments overproduction or storage (10), doxorubicin induced melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) secretion ( 5), increased melanin pigmentation of the nail matrix epithelium and nail plate without a concurrent increase in the number of melanocytes (13). Some data confirmed doxorubicininduced increased melanin deposition in epidermis, particularly in the basal layer (6). Patients receiving anthracyclins (doxorubicin) that contain regimens are at risk of melanonychia development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In a comprehensive study of 205 patients, it was reported that almost 60% of them developed some kind of nail changes with over 81% presented as diffuse hyperpigmentation of nails (4). Chromonychia, primarily melanonychia, was described after the use of various antineoplastic drugs: doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, daunorubicin, busulfan, vincristine, bleomycin, 5-fluorouracile, docetaxel, dacarbazine, methotrexate, imatinib, melphalan hydrochloride, etoposide, tegafur (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Nevertheless, most of the reported cases highlight doxorubicin and less frequently cyclophosphamide as agents with high propensity towards melanonychia development (10,11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemotherapy-induced asymmetrical melanonychia

Petković¹

2022

Acta fac medic Naissensis

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Introduction: Chemotherapy may cause various nail damages, including chromonychia, melanonychia, onycholisis, and onychomadesis. Melanonychia is characterized by melanin-derived brown-to-black nail pigmentation. It may occur as a result of nail matrix melanocytic activation or melanocytic hyperplasia, and nail invasion by melanin-producing pathogens. Case report: We present a case of a patient who developed an extremely rare event of asymmetric melanonychia during systemic treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The melanonychia developed in dose-dependent manner after 500 mg of doxorubicin. One of the most incriminating agents for melanonychia development are doxorubicin and to a less extent cyclophosphamide. Our patient received both drugs as combined chemotherapy. After treatment completion, the phenomenon disappeared. An extremely unexpected event was skin melanoma occurrence. Conclusion: It has not been clarified yet whether this event was causally related to previous nail-related melanocyte activation or it was just a coincidence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemotherapy-induced asymmetrical melanonychia

Petković¹

2022

Acta fac medic Naissensis

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“…1 Hyperpigmentation of the tongue following a treatment with chemotherapy has been reported with several single agents such as doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, capecitabine and Adriamycin. 4,[6][7][8][9] A report of tongue hyperpigmentation and brown longitudinal streaking with blue lunular pigmentation of the fingernails and toenails has been described following use of combination chemotherapy involving cisplatin, ifosfamide, temozolomide, and vincristine. 2 Drug-induced pigmentation often occurs slowly and worsens over the course of months to years upon initiation of the offending agent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tongue Hyperpigmentation Associated with Temozolomide as a Single Agent: Case Report

2022

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Hyperpigmentation of the tongue has been associated with chemotherapy, specifically cytotoxic drugs, but the exact pathophysiological mechanism is still not well understood. We describe a 37-year-old black woman that presented with tongue hyperpigmentation one week after the initiation of chemotherapy with temozolomide as a single agent. No cases of tongue hyperpigmentation associated with temozolomide as a single agent have been reported before. The diagnosis of drug associated pigmentary changes is based on the confirmation the onset of the clinical observations shortly after the initiation of the chemotherapy agent. The tongue hyperpigmentation is usually self-limited. This case constitutes a challenge for healthcare professionals and patients and emphasizes the importance of documenting these cases in order to guide healthcare professionals in managing the expectations of the patients and the potential adverse effects associated with certain drugs.

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“…Doxorubicin-induced oral hyperpigmentation is a rare adverse effect that typically presents with multiple coalescing, painless black macules and patches on the tongue, roof of the mouth, and buccal mucosa. 2,6,7 The hyperpigmented areas may be uniform in color or have a speckled appearance. 2,6,7 These lesions are benign and do not cause any pain or discomfort.…”

Section: Oral Involvement Of Mycosis Fungoidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,6,7 The hyperpigmented areas may be uniform in color or have a speckled appearance. 2,6,7 These lesions are benign and do not cause any pain or discomfort. 2,6,7 However, they may sometimes be accompanied by other oral mucosal changes associated with chemotherapy, such as candidiasis or mucositis.…”

Section: Oral Involvement Of Mycosis Fungoidesmentioning

confidence: 99%