Downward Electron Flux at 1,000 km Altitude from Electron Content Measurement at Mid-latitudes

Arendt, P. R.; Soicher, H.

doi:10.1038/204983a0

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…But meridian neutral winds also play an important role in controlling the peak height and density of the F layer, and are largely responsible for maintaining the nighttime ionosphere at mid-latitudes (Rishbeth, 1972(Rishbeth, , 1974, as single or double peak formations in latitude under various geomagnetic conditions. Nighttime enhancement in ionospheric total electron content (TEC) is a well-known equatorial, low and middle latitude phenomenon and has been studied by many authors (Arendt and Soicher in 1964;Klobuchar et al, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2014.07.038 0273-1177/Ó 2014 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient variations of vertical total electron content over some African stations from 2002 to 2012

Shimeis¹,

Amory‐Mazaudier²,

Fleury³

et al. 2014

Advances in Space Research

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International audienceThis paper presents the vertical total electron content vTEC variations for three African stations, located at mid-low and equatorial latitudes, and operating since more than 10 years. The vTEC of the middle latitude GPS station in Alexandria, Egypt (31.2167°N; 29.9667°E, geographic) is compared to the vTEC of two others GPS stations: the first one in Rabat/Morocco (33.9981°N; 353.1457°E, geographic), and the second in Libreville/Gabon (0.3539°N; 9.6721°E, geographic). Our results discussed the diurnal, seasonal, and solar cycle dependences of vTEC at the local ionospheric conditions, during different phases of solar cycle in the light of the classification of Legrand and Simon. The vTEC over Alexandria exhibits the well-known equinoctial asymmetry which changes with the phases of the solar cycle; the spring vTEC is larger than that of autumn during the maximum, decreasing and minimum phases of solar cycle 23. During the increasing phase of solar cycle 24, it is the contrary. The diurnal variation of the vTEC presents multiple maxima during the equinox from 2005 to 2008 and during the summer solstice from 2006 to 2012. A nighttime vTEC enhancement and winter anomaly are also observed. During the deep solar minimum (2006–2009) the diurnal variation of the vTEC observed over Alexandria is similar to the diurnal variation observed during quiet magnetic period at equatorial latitudes. We observed also that the amplitude of vTEC at Libreville is larger than the amplitude of vTEC observed at Alexandria and Rabat, indeed Libreville is near the southern crest of the Equatorial Ionization anomaly. Finally, the correlation coefficient between vTEC and the sunspot number Rz is high and changes with solar cycle phases

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient variations of vertical total electron content over some African stations from 2002 to 2012

Shimeis¹,

Amory‐Mazaudier²,

Fleury³

et al. 2014

Advances in Space Research

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“…Nighttime N m F 2 enhancements (pre-midnight and postmidnight) are a typical phenomenon for the mid-to lowlatitude F 2 -region which has long been observed both in N m F 2 and TEC (Arendt and Soicher, 1964;Evans, 1965Evans, , 1974Da Rosa and Smith, 1967;Titheridge, 1968Titheridge, , 1973Bertin and Papet-Lepine, 1970;Young et al, 1970;Tyagi, 1974;Davies et al, 1979;Kersley et al, 1980;Jakowski et al, 1986Jakowski et al, , 1991Balan and Rao, 1987;Joshi and Iyer, 1990;Jakowski and FoÈ rster, 1995). A morphological study by Mikhailov et al (2000) of the N m F 2 nighttime enhancements on the latitudinal chain of the Eurasian ionosonde stations has revealed systematic variations with season and solar activity in the occurrence probability of the peaks, their amplitude and timing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the mechanism of the post-midnight winter NmF2 enhancements: dependence on solar activity

2000

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Abstract. The mechanism of the N m F 2 peak formation at dierent levels of solar activity is analyzed using Millstone Hill IS radar observations. The h m F 2 nighttime increase due to thermospheric winds and the downward plasmaspheric¯uxes are the key processes responsible for the N m F 2 peak formation. The electron temperature follows with the opposite sign the electron density variations in this process. This mechanism provides a consistency with the Millstone Hill observations on the set of main parameters. The observed decrease of the nighttime N m F 2 peak amplitude with solar activity is due to faster increasing of the recombination eciency compared to the plasmaspheric¯ux increase. The E Â B plasma drifts are shown to be inecient for the N m F 2 nighttime peak formation at high solar activity.

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“…Night-time enhancements of electron concentration are typical phenomena of the F2-layer in middle latitudes that can be observed both in the maximum of electron concentration in the F2-layer (NmF2) and total electron content (TEC) (Arendt and Soicher, 1964;Evans, 1965;Da Rosa and Smith, 1967;Bertin and Papet-Lepine, 1970;Young et al, 1970;Titheridge, 1973;Tyagi, 1974;Davies et al, 1979;IvanovKholodny and Mikhailov, 1986;Balan and Rao, 1987;Joshi and Iyer, 1990;Lois et al, 1990;Jakowski et al, 1991;Jakowski and Förster, 1995;Mikhailov and Förster, 1999;Mikhailov et al, 2000a, b). Although NmF2 and TEC variations usually exhibit similar behaviour in the night-time ionosphere, there are some differences in the occurrence of these variations and in the treatment that has been applied to their analysis (Tyagi, 1974;Lois et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global morphology of night-time NmF2 enhancements

2002

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Abstract. An overall statistical study of night-time enhancements of NmF2 has been carried out. All available foF2 observations since 1955 at 53 ionosonde stations distributed worldwide in the latitude range φ geom = 15 • − 60 • were used in the analysis. More than 200 000 station-nights of data were analysed. This large data base allowed us to study seasonal, solar cycle and spatial variations of the NmF2 nighttime enhancements. Both pre-midnight and post-midnight NmF2 peaks demonstrate distinct variations with geophysical conditions, indicating different physical mechanisms responsible for their formation.

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Downward Electron Flux at 1,000 km Altitude from Electron Content Measurement at Mid-latitudes

Cited by 39 publications

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Transient variations of vertical total electron content over some African stations from 2002 to 2012

Transient variations of vertical total electron content over some African stations from 2002 to 2012

On the mechanism of the post-midnight winter <i>N<sub>m</sub>F<sub>2</sub></i> enhancements: dependence on solar activity

Global morphology of night-time <i>Nm</i>F2 enhancements

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Downward Electron Flux at 1,000 km Altitude from Electron Content Measurement at Mid-latitudes

Cited by 39 publications

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Transient variations of vertical total electron content over some African stations from 2002 to 2012

Transient variations of vertical total electron content over some African stations from 2002 to 2012

On the mechanism of the post-midnight winter &lt;i&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt; enhancements: dependence on solar activity

Global morphology of night-time &lt;i&gt;Nm&lt;/i&gt;F2 enhancements

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On the mechanism of the post-midnight winter <i>N<sub>m</sub>F<sub>2</sub></i> enhancements: dependence on solar activity

Global morphology of night-time <i>Nm</i>F2 enhancements