Downregulation of hTERT contributes to ovarian cancer apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of ovarian cancer cells

Wang, Qinganzi; Liang, Xiaolei; Yang, Yongxiu

doi:10.21037/tcr.2020.01.39

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…This prevents the degradation of the ends during DNA replication and has many associations with cancer [ 65 ]. One study examined the effect of hTERT shRNA in a SKOV3 cell model and found that it significantly increased the rate of tumor cell death compared to control (18.66 ± 1.33 vs. 2.92 ± 0.33; p < 0.05) [ 66 ]. However, most studies regarding hTERT utilize it as a promotor for E1A gene therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liposomal delivery of gene therapy for ovarian cancer: a systematic review

Son,

Chow,

Kim

et al. 2023

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

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Objective To systematically identify and narratively synthesize the evidence surrounding liposomal delivery of gene therapy and the outcome for ovarian cancer. Methods An electronic database search of the Embase, MEDLINE and Web of Science from inception until July 7, 2023, was conducted to identify primary studies that investigated the effect of liposomal delivery of gene therapy on ovarian cancer outcomes. Retrieved studies were assessed against the eligibility criteria for inclusion. Results The search yielded 564 studies, of which 75 met the inclusion criteria. Four major types of liposomes were identified: cationic, neutral, polymer-coated, and ligand-targeted liposomes. The liposome with the most evidence involved cationic liposomes which are characterized by their positively charged phospholipids (n = 37, 49.3%). Similarly, those with neutrally charged phospholipids, such as 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine, were highly researched as well (n = 25, 33.3%). Eight areas of gene therapy research were identified, evaluating either target proteins/transcripts or molecular pathways: microRNAs, ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2), interleukins, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), human-telomerase reverse transcriptase/E1A (hTERT/EA1), suicide gene, p53, and multidrug resistance mutation 1 (MDR1). Conclusion Liposomal delivery of gene therapy for ovarian cancer shows promise in many in vivo studies. Emerging polymer-coated and ligand-targeted liposomes have been gaining interest as they have been shown to have more stability and specificity. We found that gene therapy involving microRNAs was the most frequently studied. Overall, liposomal genetic therapy has been shown to reduce tumor size and weight and improve survivability. More research involving the delivery and targets of gene therapy for ovarian cancer may be a promising avenue to improve patient outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liposomal delivery of gene therapy for ovarian cancer: a systematic review

Son,

Chow,

Kim

et al. 2023

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

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“…MUC1, a transmembrane glycoprotein, promotes metastasis and progression in EOC (126) and regulates AKT signaling by up-regulation of EGFR expression in OC cells (127). hTERT is involved in proliferation and metastasis and inhibits apoptosis of EOC cells (128).…”

Section: Circ Kinesin Family Member 4a (Circkif4a) Up-regulates Junct...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deregulated circRNAs in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer With Activity in PreclinicalIn VivoModels: Identification of Targets and New Modalities for Therapeutic Intervention

WEIDLE,

BIRZELE

2024

Cancer Genomics Proteomics

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Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is associatedwith a dismal prognosis due to development of resistance to chemotherapy and metastasis in the peritoneal cavity and distant organs. In order to identify new targets and treatment modalities we searched the literature for up-and and downregulated circRNAs with efficacy in preclinical EOC-related in vivo systems. Our search yielded circRNAs falling into the following categories: cisplatin and paclitaxel resistance, transmembrane receptors, secreted factors, transcription factors, RNA splicing and processing factors, RAS pathwayrelated components, proteolysis and cell-cycle regulation, signaling-related proteins, and circRNAs regulating proteins in additional categories. These findings can be potentially translated by validation and manipulation of the corresponding targets, inhibition of circRNAs with antisense oligonucleotides (ASO), small interfering RNAs (siRNA) or small hairpin RNA (shRNA) or by reconstituting their activity.The incidence of ovarian cancer (OC) in the USA is 22,000 cases per year and 14,000 deaths, and 29,000 deaths in Europe (1). The vast majority are epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). This type of tumor is typically treated with a combination of surgery and chemotherapy, which often includes cisplatin (DDP) and paclitaxel (PTX). An exciting development was the treatment of homologous recombination-deficient ovarian tumors with breast cancer antigen (BRCA) mutations or deletions with poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (2). Three PARP inhibitors (olaparib, rucaparib and niraparib) have been approved for the treatment of OCs in different clinical settings. In addition, anti-angiogenic therapy with Bevacizumab was approved (3). Nevertheless, recurrence due to resistance mechanisms is commonly observed and significantly impairs the therapeutic benefit of treatment (4). Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) gains a growth advantage due to interactions with fat cells, mesothelial cells, and cancerassociated fibroblasts. These interactions enhance the activation of pathways that support its growth (5-7). Also, its dissemination in ascites fluid and formation of nodules in the peritoneum are a unique mechanism of metastasis hampering therapeutic intervention (8, 9). Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors such as Pembrolizumab has shown limited success (10). Diverse mechanisms of immune escape in a tumorlocation specific manner have been observed (11). Taken together, there is a tremendous medical need for identification of new targets and modalities for treatment of OC. Therefore, we searched the literature for circular RNAs (circRNAs) that are up-or down-regulated in EOC and upon their modulation exhibit efficacy in preclinical in vivo models of EOC. Circular RNA in CancercircRNA can be generated during mRNA processing by intramolecular mRNA pairing followed by circularization, RNA-213

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CircWHSC1 (CircNSD2): A Novel Circular RNA in Multiple Cancers

Zhang,

Yuan,

Wang

et al. 2024

Clin Med Insights Oncol

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) that possesses a unique single-stranded circular structure. They are primarily formed through alternative splicing of pre-mRNA (messenger RNA). The primary biological function of circRNAs is to regulate gene expression at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Recent studies have increasingly demonstrated a close association between the dysregulation of circRNAs and the progression of diverse cancers, where they can function as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes. circWHSC1 (circNSD2) is a circular ncRNA that originates from the first 2 exons of the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate gene (WHSC1). As Chen 2019 discovery that circWHSC1 (circNSD2) functions as a sponge for miRNAs and promotes cancer, this circRNA has garnered significant interest among researchers. circWHSC1 (circNSD2) has been found to be up-regulated in various malignant tumors, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer. It exerts its effects on cancer by either inhibiting or promoting the expression of related genes through direct or indirect pathways, ultimately affecting cancer proliferation, invasion, and prognosis. This article provides a comprehensive review and discussion of the biological roles of circWHSC1 (circNSD2) and its target genes in various cancers, as well as the latest research progress on related molecular biological regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, the potential significance of circWHSC1 (circNSD2) in future clinical applications and transformations is thoroughly analyzed and discussed.

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Downregulation of hTERT contributes to ovarian cancer apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of ovarian cancer cells

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Liposomal delivery of gene therapy for ovarian cancer: a systematic review

Liposomal delivery of gene therapy for ovarian cancer: a systematic review

Deregulated circRNAs in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer With Activity in PreclinicalIn VivoModels: Identification of Targets and New Modalities for Therapeutic Intervention

CircWHSC1 (CircNSD2): A Novel Circular RNA in Multiple Cancers

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