Downregulation of chitin synthase A gene by diallyl trisulfide, an active substance from garlic essential oil, inhibits oviposition and alters the morphology of adult Sitotroga cerealella

Shah, Sakhawat; Hafeez, Muhammad; Wu, Meng-Ya; Zhang, Su-Su; Ilyas, Muhammad; Wu, Gang; Yang, Feng-Lian

doi:10.1007/s10340-020-01226-6

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Furthermore, the fumigation activity showed that DAT caused toxicity to stored product pests including S. cerealella. The sublethal dose of DAT has a wide range of toxicity such as behavioral manipulation, pheromone recognition impairment, chitin synthesis inhibition, oviposition inhibition, and delayed male and female reproductive events in stored product pests (Shah et al 2020;Wu et al 2020). Recently, we reported that DAT signi cantly decreased the dimorphic sperm number in male reproductive tissues along with the decrease in testis-speci c protein (Shah et al 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DAT is considered a source of hydrogen sul de, which may be used to treat cardiovascular diseases (Zhu et al 2022). Apart from these medicinal applications, DAT possess insecticidal activities, such as repellent, oviposition inhibitor, and spermicidal activity against several agricultural pests (Shah et al 2020). Previously it has been shown that DAT decreased the dichotomous sperm numbers and testis protein contents of S. cerealella and impaired the juvenile and ecdysone hormone titers, resulting in lesser oviposition (Shah et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diallyl trisulfide causes male infertility with oligoasthenoteratospermia in Sitotroga cerealella through the ubiquitin proteasome pathway

Shah,

Elgizawy,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Essential oil extracted from plant sources along with their biologically active components may have negative effects on insect. Diallyl trisulfide (DAT) is an active component of garlic essential oil, and it exhibits multi-targeted activity against many organisms. It has been observed that DAT induces male infertility and leads to dimorphic sperm disruption in Sitotroga cerealella. In this study, we conducted an analysis of testis-specific RNA-Seq data and identified 449 downregulated genes and 60 upregulated genes in the DAT group compared to the control group. The downregulated genes were significantly enriched in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Furthermore, DAT caused a significant reduction in mRNA expression of proteasome regulatory subunit particles required for ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins as well as decreased the expression profile of proteasome core particles, including β1, β2, and β5. Sperm physiological analysis showed that DAT potently inhibited the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome and formed aggresomes in spermatozoa. Computational docking analysis revealed that DAT bound to the active sites of proteasome β1, β2, and β5 subunits, resulting in reversible inhibition. Overall, our findings demonstrate that DAT functions as an inhibitor of the testis-specific proteasome, ultimately causing male infertility characterized by oligoasthenoteratospermia due to disruption in sperm proteasome assembly in S. cerealella.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diallyl trisulfide causes male infertility with oligoasthenoteratospermia in Sitotroga cerealella through the ubiquitin proteasome pathway

Shah,

Elgizawy,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…In brief, after dewaxing the paraffin parts, mite sections were transferred through a series of solutions, including two washes with xylene solution for 20 min each wash, two washes with 100% ethanol for 5 min each wash, a 5 min wash with 75% ethanol, and a 5 min water wash. After washing, immersion was performed with hematoxylin and eosin staining using a hematoxyl solution, with multiple rinses and washes. After removing the slides from the xylene, they were dried for subsequent observation under a NIKON Eclipse Ti-SR microscope (Tokyo, Japan), and a digital camera (D3500 DSLR, Tokyo, Japan) was used to take images [ 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA Interference-Based Silencing of the Chitin Synthase 1 Gene for Reproductive and Developmental Disruptions in Panonychus citri

Ali

Khan

Song

et al. 2020

Insects

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Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1) is an essential gene regulating chitin during different developmental stages of arthropods. In the current study, we explored for the first time the role of CHS1 gene regulation in the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae), by silencing its expression using (RNA interference) RNAi-based strategies. The results reveal that P. citri tested in different developmental stages, including larvae, protonymphs, deutonymphs, and adults fed on sweet orange leaves dipped in various concentrations (200, 400, 600, and 800 ng/μL) of dsRNA-PcCHS1, resulted in a continuous reduction in their gene expression, and the extent of transcript knockdown was positively correlated with the concentration of dsRNA. Concentration–mortality response assays revealed a mortality of more than 50% among all the studied developmental stages, except for adulthood. Furthermore, the target gene dsRNA-PcCHS1 treatment of larvae, protonymphs, deutonymphs, and females at a treatment rate of 800 ng/mL of dsRNA significantly decreased the egg-laying rates by 48.50%, 43.79%, 54%, and 39%, respectively, and the hatching rates were also considerably reduced by 64.70%, 70%, 64%, and 52.90%, respectively. Moreover, using the leaf dip method, we found that the RNA interference effectively reduced the PcCHS1 transcript levels by 42.50% and 42.06% in the eggs and adults, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate that the RNAi of PcCHS1 can dramatically reduce the survival and fecundity of P. citri, but the dsRNA concentrations and developmental stages can significantly influence the RNAi effects. These findings indicate the potential utility of the PcCHS1 gene in causing developmental irregularities, which could aid in the development of effective and novel RNAi-based strategies for controlling P. citri.

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“…This approach could form the next generation of insect‐resistant, genetically modified crops (Mello & Conte, 2004; Zhang et al ., 2017; Chen et al ., 2019; Bennett et al ., 2020). When dsRNA is ingested by insects that feed on transgenic plants, an artificial diet, or by droplet feeding, it can knockdown genes via the RNAi pathway, which leads to decrease in the growth or mortality of the target pests (Lim et al ., 2016; Zhang et al ., 2017; Hafeez et al ., 2019; Shah et al ., 2020). In previous studies, dsRNA feeding resulted in downregulation of chymotrypsin‐like enzymes and SfT6 (a serine protease gene) in lepidopteran insects (Rodríguez‐Cabrera et al ., 2010; Guan et al ., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of digestive protease enzymes and related genes in host plant adaptation of a polyphagous pest, Spodoptera frugiperda

Hafeez

Zhang

et al. 2021

Insect Science

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The evolutionary success of phytophagous insects depends on their ability to efficiently exploit plants as a source of energy for survival. Herbivorous insects largely depend on the efficiency, flexibility, and diversity of their digestive physiology and sophistication of their detoxification system to use chemically diverse host plants as food sources. The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is a polyphagous pest of many commercially important crops. To elucidate the ability of this insect pest to adapt to host plant mechanisms, we evaluated the impact of primary (corn) and alternate (rice) host plants after 11 generations on gut digestive enzymatic activity and expression profiles of related genes. Results indicated that the total protease and class-specific trypsinand chymotrypsin-like protease activity of S. frugiperda significantly differed among host plant treatments. The class-specific protease profiles greatly differed in S. frugiperda midguts upon larval exposure to different treatments with inhibitors compared with treatments without inhibitors. Similarly, the single and cumulative effects of the enzymespecific inhibitors TLCK, TPCK, and E-64 significantly increased larval mortality and reduced larval growth/mass across different plant treatments. Furthermore, the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results revealed increased transcription of two trypsin (SfTry-3, SfTry-7) and one chymotrypsin gene (Sfchym-9), which indicated that they have roles in host plant adaptation. Knockdown of these genes resulted in significantly reduced mRNA expression levels of the trypsin genes. This was related to the increased mortality observed in treatments compared with the dsRED control. This result indicates possible roles of S. frugiperda gut digestive enzymes and related genes in host plant adaptation.

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Downregulation of chitin synthase A gene by diallyl trisulfide, an active substance from garlic essential oil, inhibits oviposition and alters the morphology of adult Sitotroga cerealella

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Diallyl trisulfide causes male infertility with oligoasthenoteratospermia in Sitotroga cerealella through the ubiquitin proteasome pathway

Diallyl trisulfide causes male infertility with oligoasthenoteratospermia in Sitotroga cerealella through the ubiquitin proteasome pathway

RNA Interference-Based Silencing of the Chitin Synthase 1 Gene for Reproductive and Developmental Disruptions in Panonychus citri

Role of digestive protease enzymes and related genes in host plant adaptation of a polyphagous pest, Spodoptera frugiperda

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